通过/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*配置IP地址的方式网上很多资料,请参考其它资料。
在使用VMWARE创建虚拟机并拷贝给别人时,网卡的MAC地址一般会变化,导致通过以上方式配置的IP地址不能生效,这时就需要关注/etc/udev/rules/70-persistent-net.rules文件了。
打开70-persistent-net.rules会看到如下信息:
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:b2:71:ae", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:b2:71:af", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"
通过ifconfig:
[root@localhost rules.d]# ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:B2:71:AF
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb2:71af/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:258 (258.0 b)
我们可以得知eth0和eth1的MAC不同,而ifconfig看到的是eth1,我们做如下修改看看70-persistent-net.rules、network-scripts/ifcfg-*和ifconfig里显示的网卡名是怎么关联的吧:
1)修改70-persistent-net.rules为(注意NAME字段,删除了eth0的信息,):
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:b2:71:af", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="mytest"
2)修改/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
首先改文件名: mv ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-myif
然后改内容,修改红色部分:
HWADDR=00:0C:29:B2:71:AF
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.28.5
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.28.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME="just a test"
UUID=677ee578-7a4c-4ed0-992b-f0ed657c1bff
ONBOOT=yes
LAST_CONNECT=1387183031
重启服务器,看结果:
[root@localhost Desktop]# ifconfig
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:24 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:24 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1716 (1.6 KiB) TX bytes:1716 (1.6 KiB)
mytest Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:B2:71:AF
inet addr:192.168.28.5 Bcast:192.168.28.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb2:71af/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:816 (816.0 b)
网卡名字变成了mytest,,,网络连接正常。