Spring PathPattern-路径匹配器【超详细】

前言

由于没有在网上没有找到比较详细的 PathPattern 说明，于是一路查代码找到官方文档。

本文是官方文档的翻译文档，个人觉得还是写的比较清晰的，提供给大家参考，有助于精确的路径匹配。

中文文档

PathPattern使用以下规则匹配URL路径：

• ?匹配一个字符

• *在一个路径段中匹配零个或多个字符

• **匹配零个或多个路径段，直到路径结束

• {spring}匹配一个路径段，并将其捕获为一个名为“spring”的变量

• {spring:[a-z]+}匹配regexp [a-z]+作为名为“spring”的路径变量

• {*spring}匹配零个或多个路径段，直到路径结束，并将其捕获为名为“spring”的变量

注意：与org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher相比，**只支持在模式的末尾。
例如/pages/{**}是有效的，但是/pages/{**}/details是无效的。这同样适用于捕获变量{*spring}。目的是在比较模式的特异性时消除歧义。

例如

• /pages/t?st.html -匹配/pages/test.html，也匹配/pages/tXst.html，但不匹配/pages/toast.html

• /resources/*.png -匹配resources目录下所有的png文件

• /resources/** -匹配/resources/路径下的所有文件，包括/resources/image.png和/resources/css/spring.css

• /resources/{*path} -匹配/resources/和/resources下的所有文件，并在一个名为path的变量中捕获它们的相对路径;/resources/image.png将匹配path→/image.png， /resources/css/spring.css将匹配path→"/css/spring.css"

• /resources/{filename:\w+}.dat将匹配/resources/spring.dat并将值"spring"赋给文件名变量

以下取自官方文档

Representation of a parsed path pattern. Includes a chain of path elements for fast matching and accumulates computed state for quick comparison of patterns.
PathPattern matches URL paths using the following rules:

• ? matches one character
• * matches zero or more characters within a path segment
• ** matches zero or more path segments until the end of the path
• {spring} matches a path segment and captures it as a variable named “spring”
• {spring:[a-z]+} matches the regexp [a-z]+ as a path variable named “spring”
• {*spring} matches zero or more path segments until the end of the path and captures it as a variable named “spring”

Note: In contrast to org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher, ** is supported only at the end of a pattern. For example /pages/{} is valid but /pages/{}/details is not. The same applies also to the capturing variant {*spring}. The aim is to eliminate ambiguity when comparing patterns for specificity.

Examples

• /pages/t?st.html — matches /pages/test.html as well as /pages/tXst.html but not /pages/toast.html
• /resources/*.png — matches all .png files in the resources directory
• /resources/** — matches all files underneath the /resources/ path, including /resources/image.png and /resources/css/spring.css
• /resources/{*path} — matches all files underneath the /resources/, as well as /resources, and captures their relative path in a variable named “path”; /resources/image.png will match with “path” → “/image.png”, and /resources/css/spring.css will match with “path” → “/css/spring.css”
• /resources/{filename:\w+}.dat will match /resources/spring.dat and assign the value “spring” to the filename variable