LintCode - Happy Number

问题:

写一个算法来判断一个数是不是"快乐数"。

一个数是不是快乐是这么定义的:对于一个正整数,每一次将该数替换为他每个位置上的数字的平方和,然后重复这个过程直到这个数变为1,或是无限循环但始终变不到1。如果可以变为1,那么这个数就是快乐数。


解题思路:

对于非快乐数,会出现一个周期循环,例如:20->4->16->37->58->89->145->42->20,因此如果一个数,经过数次变换后,如果和之前曾经出现过的数相同,那么就可以说明这是一个非快乐数,反之则为快乐数。

package lintcode;

import java.util.HashSet;

public class HappyNumber
{
    public boolean isHappy(int n)
    {
        HashSet<Integer> set = new HashSet<Integer>();

        while (n != 1)
        {
            if(set.contains(n))
            {
                return false;
            }
            else
            {
                set.add(n);
            }

            n = getNextNumber(n);
        }

        return true;
    }

    private int getNextNumber(int n)
    {
        int sum = 0;
        while(n != 0)
        {
            sum += (n % 10) * (n % 10);
            n = n / 10;
        }

        return sum;
    }

}

算法中利用了HashSet没有重复值的特性,每次变换后,都先去HashSet查查该数是否存在



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(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a C++ program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
06-09
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