Android jni开发-0（用javah方式编译jni）

在Android studio2.2以前大部分用的是用javah的方式来编译jni，在编译之前首先确保有安装ndk，如果没下载，则下载ndk，下载到默认目录就好。如图所示：

下面具体介绍一下流程：

1、新建项目JniDemo,打开local.properties，在最下面加上（此处根据你的sdk和ndk目录而定）：

ndk.dir=E\:\\AndroidStudio\\sdk\\ndk-bundle
sdk.dir=E\:\\AndroidStudio\\sdk

如图：

2、新建类JniUtil.java，添加native方法和指定的lib库，如图：

public class JniUtil {
    public native String getStringFromJni();

    public native int getSum(int i,int j);

    static {
        System.loadLibrary("Jni_lib");
    }
}

3、打开app目录下的build.gradle文件，添加如下配置，注意moduleName后面的要和System.loadLibrary(“Jni_lib”)保持一致：

ndk {
            moduleName "Jni_lib" //编译生成so库的名字，注意不要lib，和.so加进来  ,而且要和上面loadLibrary里面的参数一致
            abiFilters "armeabi","armeabi-v7a","x86"//编译支持的平台
        }

4、在gradle.properties文件的最后一行添加一句：android.useDeprecatedNdk=true

5、此时点击build -> Make Project,然后在app->build->intermediates->classes->debug->com下面会看到编译的文件，JniUtil.class就是刚才编译的文件，如图：

6、利用cd命令进入到main目录下：

然后利用javah -d jni -classpath命令，javah -d jni -classpath E:\AndroidStudioProjects\ndk\app\build\intermediates\classes\debug com.sonic.jnidemo.JniUtil

如下图：

 注意：红框里面的是debug文件夹的绝对路径(项目的存放目录)，后面以包名的形式对应JniUtil这个类，此时会  在main目录下看到自动生成一个jni文件夹，里面有一个.h文件，如图：

 7、新建main.c文件，然后导入刚才生成的.h头文件，并且将头文件里面的方法复制过来实现即可：

#include "com_sonic_jnidemo_JniUtil.h"

JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_sonic_jnidemo_JniUtil_getStringFromJni
  (JNIEnv *env, jobject j){
    return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env,"I am jni!");
  }

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_sonic_jnidemo_JniUtil_getSum
        (JNIEnv *env, jobject j, jint m, jint n){
    return m + n;
}

8、在MainActivity里面调用：

至此，如果你的Android studio在2.3以下，现在运行就可以看到结果了，但是如果你升级到了3.0以上，会发现运行出错，提示如下：

Error: Flag android.useDeprecatedNdk is no longer supported and will be removed in the next version of Android Studio.  Please switch to a supported build system.  
  Consider using CMake or ndk-build integration. For more information, go to:  
   https://d.android.com/r/studio-ui/add-native-code.html#ndkCompile  
   To get started, you can use the sample ndk-build script the Android  
   plugin generated for you at:  
   E:\androidproject\JniDemo2\app\build\intermediates\ndk\debug\Android.mk  
  Alternatively, you can use the experimental plugin:  
   https://developer.android.com/r/tools/experimental-plugin.html  
  To continue using the deprecated NDK compile for another 60 days, set   
  android.deprecatedNdkCompileLease=1511489294355 in gradle.properties

是什么原因导致的呢？就是useDeprecatedNdk这个东西不再支持了，请切换到 CMake or ndk-build来编译Jni的C换C++代码，解决方式如下，打开app目录下的build.gradle，继续添加配置：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 26
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.sonic.jnidemo"
        minSdkVersion 18
        targetSdkVersion 26
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        ndk {
            moduleName "Jni_lib" //编译生成so库的名字，注意不要lib，和.so加进来  ,而且要和上面loadLibrary里面的参数一致
            abiFilters "armeabi","armeabi-v7a","x86"//编译支持的平台
        }
    }
    sourceSets.main {
//            jniLibs.srcDir 'libs'
        jni.srcDirs = [] //disable automatic ndk-build call
    }

    externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {
            path "CMakeLists.txt"
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
}

然后在main文件下面新建 CMakeLists.txt文件，类容如下：

# For more information about using CMake with Android Studio, read the
# documentation: https://d.android.com/studio/projects/add-native-code.html

# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native library.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# Creates and names a library, sets it as either STATIC
# or SHARED, and provides the relative paths to its source code.
# You can define multiple libraries, and CMake builds them for you.
# Gradle automatically packages shared libraries with your APK.

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
             Jni_lib

             # Sets the library as a shared library.
             SHARED

             # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
             src/main/jni/main.c )

# Searches for a specified prebuilt library and stores the path as a
# variable. Because CMake includes system libraries in the search path by
# default, you only need to specify the name of the public NDK library
# you want to add. CMake verifies that the library exists before
# completing its build.

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
              log-lib

              # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
              # you want CMake to locate.
              log )

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in this
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                       Jni_lib

                       # Links the target library to the log library
                       # included in the NDK.
                       ${log-lib} )

此时再去编译运行就没问题了，运行截图：

demo地址：点击打开链接