Android开发中Dialog对话框的使用

Dialog是android开发过程中最常用到的组件之一，它包括以下几种类型：

　　警告对话框：Alertialog

　　进度对话框：ProgressDialog

　　日期选择对话框：DatePickerDialog

　　时间选择对话框：TimePickerDialog

　　自定义对话框：从Dialog继承

　　Dialog的创建方式有两种：

　　一是直接new一个Dialog对象，然后调用Dialog对象的show和dismiss方法来控制对话框的显示和隐藏。

　　二是在Activity的onCreateDialog(int id)方法中创建Dialog对象并返回，然后调用Activty的showDialog(int id)和dismissDialog(int id)来显示和隐藏对话框。

　　区别在于通过第二种方式创建的对话框会继承Activity的属性，比如获得Activity的menu事件等。

　　使用AlertDialog可以创建普通对话框、带列表的对话框以及带单选按钮和多选按钮的对话框。

　　普通对话框

　　效果如下：

　　

　　代码：

　　　　 // 创建builder
                AlertDialog.Builder builder  =   new  AlertDialog.Builder(DialogSampleActivity.this);
                builder.setTitle( " 普通对话框 " )     // 标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)     // icon
                    .setCancelable( false )     // 不响应back按钮
                    .setMessage( " 这是一个普通对话框 " )     // 对话框显示内容
                   // 设置按钮
                    .setPositiveButton( " 确定 " ,  new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,  " 点击了确定按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNeutralButton( " 中立 " ,  new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                        
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,  " 点击了中立按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton( " 取消 " ,  new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,  " 点击了取消按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    });
                 // 创建Dialog对象
                AlertDialog dlg  =  builder.create();
                return dlg;

　　带列表的对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

　final CharSequence[] items  =  {  " Item1 " ,  " Item2 " ,  " Item3 "  };
             //  创建builder
            AlertDialog.Builder builder  =   new  AlertDialog.Builder(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this);
            builder.setTitle( " 列表对话框 " )  //  标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)  //  icon
                    .setCancelable( false )  //  不响应back按钮
                    .setItems(items,  new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 "   +  items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });
             //  创建Dialog对象
            AlertDialog dlg  =  builder.create();
            return dlg;

　　带单选按钮的列表对话框

　　只需将setItems替换为：

.setSingleChoiceItems(items,  - 1 ,  new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 "   +  items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

　　这里多了一个参数-1，代表默认选中第几项，-1表示默认不选中

　　带复选框的列表对话框

　　只需将setItems替换为：

.setMultiChoiceItems(items, checked,  new  DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {        
                        @Override
                         public  void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,  int  which,  boolean  isChecked) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 "   +  items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

　　参数checked伟boolean数组，表示默认哪些复选框是被选中的。

　　另外，如果你想要获取list中哪些项是被选中的，你需要：

// 获得ListView
ListView list  =  dlg.getListView();
// 判断第i项是否被选中，为真表示被选中，为假表示没有选中
list.getCheckedItemPositions().get(i)

　　日期选择对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

Calendar calendar  =  Calendar.getInstance();
            DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener dateListener  =    
                 new  DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {  
                    @Override  
                     public  void onDateSet(DatePicker datePicker,   
                             int   year ,  int   month ,  int  dayOfMonth) {  
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                 year   +   " 年 "   +  ( month + 1 )  +   " 月 "   +  dayOfMonth  +   " 日 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();  
                    }
                };  
            DatePickerDialog dlg  =   new  DatePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    dateListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
            return dlg;

 

　　时间选择对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

　Calendar calendar  =  Calendar.getInstance();
            TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener timeListener  =    
                 new  TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {

                    @Override
                     public  void onTimeSet(TimePicker timePicker,  int  hourOfDay,  int   minute ) {
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                hourOfDay  +   " : "   +   minute , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
                    }  
                   
                };  
            TimePickerDialog dlg  =   new  TimePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    timeListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE),
                     true );
            return dlg;

 

　　自定义对话框

　　效果图：

　　步骤：

　　1、创建对话框的布局文件

< ?xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 " ? >
< RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "
      android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
      android:layout_height = " wrap_content " >
       < ! --  标题栏  -->
       < LinearLayout
          android:id = " @+id/dlg_priority_titlebar "
          android:orientation = " horizontal "
          android:layout_width = " fill_parent "
          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_alignParentTop = " true " >
           < ImageView
            android:src = " @drawable/star_gray "
            android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_margin = " 5dip " />
         < TextView
            android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
            android:text = " 选择任务优先级 "
            android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical " />
       </ LinearLayout >
       < ! --  任务优先级  -->
       < ListView
          android:id = " @+id/dlg_priority_lvw "
          android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_below = " @id/dlg_priority_titlebar "
          android:background = " @drawable/layout_home_bg " >
       </ ListView >      
</ RelativeLayout >

　　2、因为该布局中使用了自定义的ListView，所以再为ListView创建布局文件

< ?xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 " ? >< LinearLayout    xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "     android:orientation = " horizontal "     android:layout_width = " fill_parent "     android:layout_height = " fill_parent "      >      < ImageView          android:id = " @+id/list_priority_img "           android:layout_width = " wrap_content "           android:layout_height = " wrap_content "           android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical "           android:layout_margin = " 5dip "                    />      < TextView         android:id = " @+id/list_priority_value "          android:layout_width = " wrap_content "          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "         android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical "          android:textSize = " 28dip "          android:textColor = " @drawable/black " /></ LinearLayout >

　

　　3、创建自定义Dialog类PriorityDlg继承自Dialog

public  class PriorityDlg extends Dialog {
    
     private  Context context;
     private  ListView dlg_priority_lvw  =   null ;

     public  PriorityDlg(Context context) {
        super(context);
        this.context  =  context;
         //  TODO Auto - generated constructor stub
    }
    
     public  PriorityDlg(Context context,  int  theme) {
        super(context, theme);
        this.context  =  context;
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         //  TODO Auto - generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   　　　 // 设置对话框使用的布局文件
        this.setContentView(R.layout.dlg_priority);

        dlg_priority_lvw  =  (ListView) findViewById(R.id.dlg_priority_lvw);

         //  设置ListView的数据源
        SimpleAdapter adapter  =   new  SimpleAdapter(context, getPriorityList(),
                R.layout.lvw_priority,  new   String [] {  " list_priority_img " ,
                         " list_priority_value "  },  new   int [] {
                        R.id.list_priority_img, R.id.list_priority_value });
        dlg_priority_lvw.setAdapter(adapter);

         //  为ListView设置监听器
        dlg_priority_lvw
                .setOnItemClickListener( new  AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

                    @Override
                     public  void onItemClick(AdapterView < ? >  arg0, View arg1,
                             int  arg2,  long  arg3) {

                    }
                });
    }

     /**
      *  得到ListView数据源
      *  
      *  @return
      */
     private  List < HashMap < String ,  Object >>  getPriorityList() {
        List < HashMap < String ,  Object >>  priorityList  =   new  ArrayList < HashMap < String ,  Object >> ();
        HashMap < String ,  Object >  map1  =   new  HashMap < String ,  Object > ();
        map1.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_not_important);
        map1.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_not_important));
        priorityList.add(map1);
        HashMap < String ,  Object >  map2  =   new  HashMap < String ,  Object > ();
        map2.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_general);
        map2.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_general));
        priorityList.add(map2);
        HashMap < String ,  Object >  map3  =   new  HashMap < String ,  Object > ();
        map3.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_important);
        map3.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_important));
        priorityList.add(map3);
        HashMap < String ,  Object >  map4  =   new  HashMap < String ,  Object > ();
        map4.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_very_important);
        map4.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_very_important));
        priorityList.add(map4);

        return priorityList;
    }

}

　　4、创建自定义对话框

PriorityDlg dlg  =   new  PriorityDlg(SimpleTaskActivity.this, R.style.dlg_priority);
return dlg;

　　这里的R.style.dlg_priority设置了对话框使用的样式文件，只是让对话框去掉标题栏，当然你也可以通过代码来完成这种效果：

< ?xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 " ? >< resources >      < ! --  对话框样式  -->      < style name = " dlg_priority "  parent = " @android:Theme.Dialog " >          < item name = " android:windowNoTitle " > true </ item >      </ style ></ resources >

　　

　　到这里自定义对话框的创建就结束了，想要什么样子的对话框完全凭你自己的想像。