一、Collection功能:
Collection<引用类型>是集合的顶层接口,因为是接口所以不能实例化,要
Collection c = new ArrayList();其有很多子体系。
CollectionDemo.java
package com.collection;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
public class CollectionDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//接口不能实例化
Collection c = new ArrayList();
Collection c2 =new ArrayList();
//添加集合元素
c.add("hello");
c.add("world");
c.add("java");
c2.add("hahaha");
c2.add("wawawa");
c2.add("java");
//两元素的交集,返回值表示c是否变化
//System.out.println(c.retainAll(c2));
//添加一个集合的元素(可以发现ArrayList元素可以重复)
System.out.println(c.addAll(c2));
//判断元素中包含某一元素,包含集合用containsAll(Collection c)
System.out.println(c.contains("java"));
System.out.println("c:"+c);
System.out.println("c2"+c2);
//判断集合是否含有某个元素
System.out.println(c.contains("java"));
//判断集合是否为空
System.out.println(c.isEmpty());
//集合长度,元素个数
System.out.println(c.size());
//移除一个集合元素removeAll(Collection c),remove(object obj)
System.out.println(c.removeAll(c2));//移除掉与c2相同的元素
System.out.println("c:"+c);
//集合转数组
Object[] obj= c.toArray();
for(int x=0;x<obj.length;x++) {
System.out.println(obj[x]);
//知道是字符串,可转成String,然后单个元素的长度
String s = (String)obj[x];
System.out.println(s);
System.out.println(s.length());
}
}
}
二、迭代器(Iterator iterator())
集合中遍历专用的迭代器,主要是获取功能,经常使用,其中还有集合转数组方式,不常用还有缺点。
StudentCollectionDemo.java
package com.collection;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class StudentCollectionDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Collection c = new ArrayList();
Student s1 = new Student("张三",20);
Student s2 = new Student("张四",20);
Student s3 = new Student("张五",20);
Student s4 = new Student("张六",20);
c.add(s1);
c.add(s2);
c.add(s3);
c.add(s4);
//集合转数组
Object[] obj = c.toArray();
for(int i=0;i<obj.length;i++){
System.out.println(obj[i]);
Student s = (Student)obj[i];
System.out.println(s.getAge()+"--"+s.getName());
}
//集合专用迭代器,(重点)^-^当模板用
Iterator it = c.iterator();//是个接口,实际返回的是子类对象,这里是多态
//next()是下一个元素,他是object类型,hasNext()是判断下一个元素是否为空
while(it.hasNext()){
Student s = (Student)it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName()+"--"+s.getAge());
//System.out.println(s);
//System.out.println(it.next());
}
}
}
Student.java
package com.collection;
public class Student {
public String name;
public int age;
public Student(){}
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}