concat函数
用于在不改变原有数组的情况下连接两个数组,生成一个新的数组。
var a=[19,20];
var b=[2,3];
console.log(a.concat(b));
console.log(a);
console.log(b);
输出结果为:
[19, 20, 2, 3]
[19, 20]
[2, 3]
slice(start,end)函数
在不改变原有数组的情况下,从已有的数组中返回选定的元素从已有的数组中返回选定的元素
start:为必要参数可以为负,为负数时从数组末尾开始向前算
end:为空时返回start之后的所有元素,非空时返回下标第start到end-1数组元素
end值为0时:
var arr = new Array(6)
arr[0] = "0";
arr[1] = "1";
arr[2] = "2";
arr[3] = "3";
arr[4] = "4";
arr[5] = "5";
console.log(arr.slice(2));
console.log(arr);
["2", "3", "4", "5"]
["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5"]
end值为非0时
var arr = new Array(6)
arr[0] = "0";
arr[1] = "1";
arr[2] = "2";
arr[3] = "3";
arr[4] = "4";
arr[5] = "5";
console.log(arr.slice(2,4));
console.log(arr);
["2", "3"]
["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5"]
splice(index,length,items...) 函数
在数组中添加/删除对象,然后返回被删除的项目
index:起始下标
length:操作元素个数(大于等于0),为0时不删除数组元素,其他数时删除下标开始的对应个数的数组元素
length为0时:
var arr = new Array(6);
arr[0] = "1";
arr[1] = "2";
arr[2] = "3";
arr[3] = "4";
arr[4] = "5";
arr[5] = "6";
arr.splice(2,0);
console.log(arr);
["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"]
arr.splice(2,0,"000");
console.log(arr);
["1", "2","000", "3", "4", "5", "6"]
length不为零时:
var arr = new Array(6);
arr[0] = "1";
arr[1] = "2";
arr[2] = "3";
arr[3] = "4";
arr[4] = "5";
arr[5] = "6";
arr.splice(2,3,"000");
console.log(arr);
["1", "2", "000", "6"]
join(str)函数
将数组转化为字符串,或用指定字符串分割
转为字符串:
转为字符串:
var arr = new Array();
arr.push(1);
arr.push(2);
arr.push(3);
console.log(arr.join());
console.log(arr);
输出:
1,2,3
[1, 2, 3]
转为特殊分隔符字符串:
var arr = new Array();
arr.push(1);
arr.push(2);
arr.push(3);
console.log(arr.join('-'));
console.log(arr);
输出:
1-2-3
[1, 2, 3]
pop函数
删除并返回数组最后一个元素
var arr = new Array();
arr.push(1);
arr.push(2);
arr.push(3);
console.log(arr);
console.log(arr.pop());
console.log(arr);
输出:
[1, 2, 3]
3
[1, 2]
push函数
给数组末尾添加元素,比较常见,注意它有一个返回值—数组长度,经常被忽略,没有必要再增加一步arr.length去获取长度的操作。unshift函数
向数组开头添加元素,与push一样会返回数组长度。
reverse函数
颠倒数组的顺序
var arr = [1,2,5,3,4];
arr.reverse();
console.log(arr);
输出:
[4, 3, 5, 2, 1]
shift函数
删除并返回数组的第一个元素
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
console.log(arr.shift());
console.log(arr);
输出:
1
[2, 3, 4, 5]
sort函数
数组排序该方法默认是按照字符编码(ASCII)的顺序进行排序,一般需要定制化创建自己的排序规则
var arr = [1,900,400,200,7];
arr.sort();
输出:
[1, 200, 400, 7, 900]
var arr = [1,900,400,200,7];
arr.sort(function (a, b) {return a - b;});
输出:
[1, 7, 200, 400, 900]