Web框架开发-开发图书管理页面

一、项目需求

    1.列出图书列表、出版社列表、作者列表
    2.点击作者，会列出其出版的图书列表
    3.点击出版社，会列出旗下图书列表
    4.可以创建、修改、删除 图书、作者、出版社
    
二、项目实现
bookms
|-- app01  # 项目应用
|   |-- views.py  # 视图层代码
|   |-- admin.py
|   |-- apps.py
|   |-- models.py # 模型层，定义数据库模型
|   |-- tests.py
|
|-- bookms  # 项目工程
|   |-- settings.py     # 项目的配置文件
|   |-- urls.py     # 路由层
|   |-- wsgi.py
|
|-- templates   # 项目模板
|   |-- addauthor.html  # 添加作者的模板
|   |-- addbook.html    # 添加图书的模板
|   |-- addpublish.html     # 添加出版社的模板
|   |-- author.html     # 作者的列表
|   |-- base.html       # 基础框架模板  
|   |-- books.html      # 图书的列表    
|   |-- changebook.html     # 编辑图书的模板    
|   |-- editauthor.html     # 编辑作者的模板    
|   |-- editpublish.html    # 编辑出版社的模板  
|   |-- index.html      # 登录首页  
|   |-- publish.html    # 出版社的列表  
|   |-- reg.html        # 注册页面  
|   |-- reg_succes.html     # 注册成功的页面
|
|-- manage.py   # 项目启动相关的

### 三、数据库设计
    class Book(models.Model):   # 必须要继承的
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    publishData = models.DateField()    # 出版日期
    authorlist = models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)     # 一共5位，保留两位小数
    # 不用命名为publish_id，因为django为我们自动就加上了_id
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to="Publish", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title


    class Publish(models.Model):
        # 不写id的时候数据库会自动增加
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        addr = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        email = models.EmailField()
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.name


    class Author(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        age = models.IntegerField()
        # 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.name
    

###  四、操作步骤
    1、先注册用户
    2、用注册的用户进行登录
    3、创建作者
    4、创建出版社
    5、新建图书信息
    6、点击作者姓名，跳转到该作者出版的图书列表
    7、点击出版社名称，跳转到该出版社出版的图书列表

五、实现效果
1、登录页面

　　2、注册页面

　　3、图书列表页面

　　4、作者页面

　　5、出版社页面

六、项目代码

views.py

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from django.contrib import auth from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.core.paginator import Paginator, PageNotAnInteger, EmptyPage from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect from django.shortcuts import render, redirect # Create your views here. from app01 import models def index(request):     return render(request, "index.html") # 注册 def reg(request):     if request.method == "POST":         username = request.POST.get("username")         password = request.POST.get("password")         password1 = request.POST.get("password1")         print(username, password, password1)         if username != str(User.objects.filter(username=username).first()) and len(username) != 0:             s = "注册成功"             if password == password1 and len(password) != 0:  # 当密码与确认密码一致的时候，注册成功                 User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=password)                 return render(request, "reg_succes.html", {"username": username, "s": s})             elif len(password) == 0:                 return render(request, "reg.html", {"s3": "密码不能为空!"})             else:                 s1 = "两次输入的密码不一致"                 return render(request, "reg.html", {"s1": s1})         elif len(username) == 0:             return render(request, "reg.html", {"s2": "用户名不能为空！"})         else:             mess = "用户名已经存在!"             return render(request, "reg.html", {"mess": mess})     return render(request, "reg.html") def reg_succes(request):     return render(request, "reg_succes.html") # 登录 def login(request):     if request.method == "POST":         username = request.POST.get("username")         password = request.POST.get("password")         print(username, password)         user = auth.authenticate(username=username, password=password)  # 验证用户名和密码         if user is not None and user.is_active:             #  如果认证成功，就让登录             auth.login(request, user)             request.session['user'] = username  # 将session信息记录到浏览器             response = HttpResponseRedirect("/books/")             return response         elif user is None:             return render(request, "index.html", {"s1": "用户名不存在!"})         else:             s = "用户名或密码错误"             return render(request, "index.html", {"s": s})     return render(request, "index.html") @login_required # 新增书籍 def addbook(request):     publish_list = models.Publish.objects.all()  # 查询出所有的出版社对象     author_list = models.Author.objects.all()     if request.method == "POST":         title = request.POST.get("title")         date = request.POST.get("date")         price = request.POST.get("price")         publish_id = request.POST.get("publish_id")         authors_id_list = request.POST.getlist("authors_id_list")         if title != str(models.Book.objects.filter(title=title).first()) and len(title) !=0:             book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=title, publish_id=publish_id, publishData=date, price=price)             book_obj.authorlist.add(*authors_id_list)             return redirect("/books")         elif len(title) == 0:             return render(request, "addbook.html", {"s": "书籍名称不能为空!", "publish_list": publish_list,                                                     "author_list": author_list})         else:             return render(request, "addbook.html", {"s1": "书籍名称已经存在!", "publish_list": publish_list,                                                     "author_list": author_list})     return render(request, "addbook.html", {"publish_list": publish_list, "author_list": author_list}) # 查看图书列表 @login_required def books(request, field_id=0, field_type='src'):     '''     图书列表有3种情况：     点击查看图书列表（books）显示的的图书     点击出版社（publishs)显示的图书     点击作者（authors)显示的图书     :param request:     :param field_id     :param field_type: /publishs /anthors     :return:     '''     if field_type == 'publishs':         book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(publish_id=field_id).all()     elif field_type == 'authors':         book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(authorlist__id=field_id).all()     else:         book_list = models.Book.objects.all()     username = request.session.get('user')     paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10)     page = request.GET.get('page', 1)     currentPage = int(page)     try:         book_list = paginator.page(page)     except PageNotAnInteger:         book_list = paginator.page(1)     except EmptyPage:         book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)     return render(request, "books.html", {"user": username, "book_list": book_list, "paginator": paginator,                                           "currentPage": currentPage}) # 编辑图书 @login_required def changebook(request, id):     edit_book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()     if request.method == "POST":         title = request.POST.get("title")         date = request.POST.get("date")         price = request.POST.get("price")         authors_id_list = request.POST.getlist("authors_id_list")         publish_id = request.POST.get("publish_id")         if len(title) != 0:             models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title, publishData=date, price=price, publish_id=publish_id)             edit_book_obj.authorlist.set(authors_id_list)             return redirect("/books")         else:             return render(request, "changebook.html", {"s": "书籍名称不能为空!"})     publish_list = models.Publish.objects.all()     author_list = models.Author.objects.all()     return render(request, "changebook.html", {"edit_book_obj": edit_book_obj, "publish_list": publish_list,                                                "author_list": author_list}) # 删除图书 @login_required def delbook(request, id):     models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()     return redirect("/books") # 注销登录 @login_required def logout(request):     auth.logout(request)     return redirect("/index") @login_required # 添加作者 def addauthor(request):     if request.method == "POST":         name = request.POST.get("name")         age = request.POST.get("age")         if name != (models.Author.objects.filter(name=name).first()) and len(name) != 0:             models.Author.objects.create(name=name, age=age)             return redirect("/authors/")         elif len(name) == 0:             return render(request, "addauthor.html", {"s": "作者姓名不能为空!"})     return render(request, "addauthor.html") # 编辑作者 def editauthor(request, id):     author_obj = models.Author.objects.filter(id=id).first()     if request.method == "POST":         name = request.POST.get("name")         age = request.POST.get("age")         if name != (models.Author.objects.filter(name=name).first()) and len(name) != 0:             models.Author.objects.filter(id=id).update(name=name, age=age)             return redirect("/authors/")         elif len(name) == 0:             return render(request, "addauthor.html", {"s": "作者姓名不能为空!"})     return render(request, "editauthor.html", {"author_obj": author_obj}) # 删除作者 def delauthor(request, id):     models.Author.objects.filter(id=id).delete()     return redirect("/authors/") @login_required def authors(request):     author_list = models.Author.objects.all()     return render(request, "author.html", locals()) @login_required # 添加出版社 def addpublish(request):     if request.method == "POST":         name = request.POST.get("name")         addr = request.POST.get("addr")         email = request.POST.get("email")         if name != (models.Publish.objects.filter(name=name).first()) and len(name) != 0:             models.Publish.objects.create(name=name, addr=addr, email=email)             return redirect("/publishs/")         elif len(name) == 0:             return render(request, "addpublish.html", {"s": "出版社名称不能为空!"})         else:             return render(request, "addpublish.html", {"s1": "出版社名称已经存在!"})     return render(request, "addpublish.html") # 查看出版社 @login_required def publishs(request):     pub_list = models.Publish.objects.all()     return render(request, "publish.html", locals()) # 编辑出版社 def editpublish(request, id):     pub_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(id=id).first()     if request.method == "POST":         name = request.POST.get("name")         addr = request.POST.get("addr")         email = request.POST.get("email")         if name != (models.Publish.objects.filter(name=name).first()) and len(name) != 0:             models.Publish.objects.create(name=name, addr=addr, email=email)             return redirect("/publishs/")         elif len(name) == 0:             return render(request, "editpublish.html", {"s": "出版社名称不能为空!"})         else:             return render(request, "editpublish.html", {"s1": "出版社名称已经存在!"})     return render(request, "editpublish.html", {"pub_obj": pub_obj}) # 删除出版社 def delpublish(request, id):     models.Publish.objects.filter(id=id).delete()     return redirect("/publishs/")

　　

models.py

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from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model):   # 必须要继承的     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)     title = models.CharFie