PostgreSQL自己带了获取各种对象定义的函数，如下所示：
test=# \df *get*def*
函数列表
架构模式 | 名称 | 结果数据类型 | 参数数据类型 | 类型
------------+--------------------------------+--------------+-----------------------+------
pg_catalog | pg_get_constraintdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_constraintdef | text | oid, boolean | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_function_arg_default | text | oid, integer | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_functiondef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_indexdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_indexdef | text | oid, integer, boolean | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_partition_constraintdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_partkeydef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_ruledef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_ruledef | text | oid, boolean | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_statisticsobjdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_triggerdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_triggerdef | text | oid, boolean | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_viewdef | text | oid | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_viewdef | text | oid, boolean | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_viewdef | text | oid, integer | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_viewdef | text | text | 函数
pg_catalog | pg_get_viewdef | text | text, boolean | 函数
(18 行记录)但是并没有查询表定义的函数，但是查询表是经常被使用到的，像openguassdb已经都加上了，在网上找了下别人定义的，修改了下，如下：
-- Change History:
-- 2022-09-19 MJV FIX: Do not add CREATE INDEX statements if they indexes are defined within the Table definition as ADD CONSTRAINT.
do $$
<<first_block>>
DECLARE
cnt int;
BEGIN
SELECT count(*) into cnt
FROM pg_catalog.pg_type t LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.typnamespace WHERE (t.typrelid = 0 OR (SELECT c.relkind = 'c' FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c WHERE c.oid = t.typrelid))
AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.pg_type el WHERE el.oid = t.typelem AND el.typarray = t.oid)
AND n.nspname <> 'pg_catalog' AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema' AND pg_catalog.pg_type_is_visible(t.oid)
AND pg_catalog.format_type(t.oid, NULL) in ('tabledef_fkeys','tabledef_trigs');
IF cnt = 0 THEN
RAISE INFO 'Creating custom types.';
CREATE TYPE public.tabledef_fkeys AS ENUM ('FKEYS_INTERNAL', 'FKEYS_EXTERNAL', 'FKEYS_COMMENTED', 'FKEYS_NONE');
CREATE TYPE public.tabledef_trigs AS ENUM ('INCLUDE_TRIGGERS', 'NO_TRIGGERS');
END IF;
end first_block $$;
-- SELECT count(*) into cnt
-- FROM pg_catalog.pg_type t LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.typnamespace WHERE (t.typrelid = 0 OR (SELECT c.relkind = 'c' FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c WHERE c.oid = t.typrelid))
-- AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.pg_type el WHERE el.oid = t.typelem AND el.typarray = t.oid)
-- AND n.nspname <> 'pg_catalog' AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema' AND pg_catalog.pg_type_is_visible(t.oid)
-- AND pg_catalog.format_type(t.oid, NULL) in ('tabledef_fkeys','tabledef_trigs');
-- Create enum types used by this function
-- DROP TYPE IF EXISTS public.tabledef_fkeys;
-- DROP TYPE IF EXISTS public.tabledef_trigs;
-- CREATE TYPE public.tabledef_fkeys AS ENUM ('FKEYS_INTERNAL', 'FKEYS_EXTERNAL', 'FKEYS_COMMENTED', 'FKEYS_NONE');
-- CREATE TYPE public.tabledef_trigs AS ENUM ('INCLUDE_TRIGGERS', 'NO_TRIGGERS');
-- SELECT * FROM public.pg_get_tabledef('sample', 'address');
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.pg_get_tabledef(
in_schema varchar,
in_table varchar,
in_fktype public.tabledef_fkeys DEFAULT 'FKEYS_INTERNAL',
in_trigger public.tabledef_trigs DEFAULT 'NO_TRIGGERS'
)
RETURNS text
LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
AS
$$
/* ********************************************************************************
COPYRIGHT NOTICE FOLLOWS. DO NOT REMOVE
Copyright (c) 2021 SQLEXEC LLC
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation
for any purpose, without fee, and without a written agreement is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies.
IN NO EVENT SHALL SQLEXEC LLC BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,INDIRECT SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF SQLEXEC LLC HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
SQLEXEC LLC SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND SQLEXEC LLC HAS
NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
************************************************************************************ */
-- History:
-- Date Description
-- ========== ======================================================================
-- 2021-03-20 Original coding using some snippets from
-- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2593803/how-to-generate-the-create-table-sql-statement-for-an-existing-table-in-postgr
-- 2021-03-21 Added partitioned table support, i.e., PARTITION BY clause.
-- 2021-03-21 Added WITH clause logic where storage parameters for tables are set.
-- 2021-03-22 Added tablespace logic for tables and indexes.
-- 2021-03-24 Added inheritance-based partitioning support for PG 9.6 and lower.
-- 2022-09-12 Fixed Issue#1: Added fix for PostGIS columns where we do not presume the schema, leave without schema to imply public schema
DECLARE
v_table_ddl text;
v_table_oid int;
v_colrec record;
v_constraintrec record;
v_indexrec record;
v_primary boolean := False;
v_constraint_name text;
v_fkey_defs text;
v_trigger text := '';
v_partition_key text := '';
v_partbound text;
v_parent text;
v_persist text;
v_temp text := '';
v_relopts text;
v_tablespace text;
v_pgversion int;
bPartition boolean;
bInheritance boolean;
bRelispartition boolean;
constraintarr text[] := '{}';
constraintelement text;
bSkip boolean;
BEGIN
SELECT c.oid, (select setting from pg_settings where name = 'server_version_num') INTO v_table_oid, v_pgversion FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind in ('r','p') AND c.relname = in_table AND n.nspname = in_schema;
-- RAISE NOTICE 'version=%', v_pgversion;
-- throw an error if table was not found
IF (v_table_oid IS NULL) THEN
RAISE EXCEPTION 'table does not exist';
END IF;
-- get user-defined tablespaces if applicable
SELECT tablespace INTO v_temp FROM pg_tables WHERE schemaname = in_schema and tablename = in_table and tablespace IS NOT NULL;
IF v_tablespace IS NULL THEN
v_tablespace := 'TABLESPACE pg_default';
ELSE
v_tablespace := 'TABLESPACE ' || v_temp;
END IF;
-- also see if there are any SET commands for this table, ie, autovacuum_enabled=off, fillfactor=70
WITH relopts AS (SELECT unnest(c.reloptions) relopts FROM pg_class c, pg_namespace n WHERE n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c.relnamespace and c.relname = in_table)
SELECT string_agg(r.relopts, ', ') as relopts INTO v_temp from relopts r;
IF v_temp IS NULL THEN
v_relopts := '';
ELSE
v_relopts := ' WITH (' || v_temp || ')';
END IF;
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Create table defs for partitions/children using inheritance or declarative methods.
-- inheritance: pg_class.relkind = 'r' pg_class.relispartition=false pg_class.relpartbound is NULL
-- declarative: pg_class.relkind = 'r' pg_class.relispartition=true pg_class.relpartbound is NOT NULL
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_partbound := '';
bPartition := False;
bInheritance := False;
IF v_pgversion < 100000 THEN
SELECT c2.relname parent INTO v_parent from pg_class c1, pg_namespace n, pg_inherits i, pg_class c2
WHERE n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c1.relnamespace and c1.relname = in_table and c1.oid = i.inhrelid and i.inhparent = c2.oid and c1.relkind = 'r';
IF (v_parent IS NOT NULL) THEN
bPartition := True;
bInheritance := True;
END IF;
ELSE
SELECT c2.relname parent, c1.relispartition, pg_get_expr(c1.relpartbound, c1.oid, true) INTO v_parent, bRelispartition, v_partbound from pg_class c1, pg_namespace n, pg_inherits i, pg_class c2
WHERE n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c1.relnamespace and c1.relname = in_table and c1.oid = i.inhrelid and i.inhparent = c2.oid and c1.relkind = 'r';
IF (v_parent IS NOT NULL) THEN
bPartition := True;
IF bRelispartition THEN
bInheritance := False;
ELSE
bInheritance := True;
END IF;
END IF;
END IF;
IF bPartition THEN
IF bInheritance THEN
-- inheritance-based
v_table_ddl := 'CREATE TABLE ' || in_schema || '.' || in_table || '( '|| E'\n';
-- Jump to constraints section to add the check constraints
ELSE
-- declarative-based
IF v_relopts <> '' THEN
v_table_ddl := 'CREATE TABLE ' || in_schema || '.' || in_table || ' PARTITION OF ' || in_schema || '.' || v_parent || ' ' || v_partbound || v_relopts || ' ' || v_tablespace || '; ' || E'\n';
ELSE
v_table_ddl := 'CREATE TABLE ' || in_schema || '.' || in_table || ' PARTITION OF ' || in_schema || '.' || v_parent || ' ' || v_partbound || ' ' || v_tablespace || '; ' || E'\n';
END IF;
-- Jump to constraints and index section to add the check constraints and indexes and perhaps FKeys
END IF;
END IF;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG1: tabledef so far: %', v_table_ddl;
IF NOT bPartition THEN
-- see if this is unlogged or temporary table
select c.relpersistence into v_persist from pg_class c, pg_namespace n where n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c.relnamespace and c.relname = in_table and c.relkind = 'r';
IF v_persist = 'u' THEN
v_temp := 'UNLOGGED';
ELSIF v_persist = 't' THEN
v_temp := 'TEMPORARY';
ELSE
v_temp := '';
END IF;
END IF;
-- start the create definition for regular tables unless we are in progress creating an inheritance-based child table
IF NOT bPartition THEN
v_table_ddl := 'CREATE ' || v_temp || ' TABLE ' || in_schema || '.' || in_table || ' (' || E'\n';
END IF;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG2: tabledef so far: %', v_table_ddl;
-- define all of the columns in the table unless we are in progress creating an inheritance-based child table
IF NOT bPartition THEN
FOR v_colrec IN
SELECT c.column_name, c.data_type, c.udt_name, c.character_maximum_length, c.is_nullable, c.column_default, c.numeric_precision, c.numeric_scale, c.is_identity, c.identity_generation
FROM information_schema.columns c WHERE (table_schema, table_name) = (in_schema, in_table) ORDER BY ordinal_position
LOOP
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ' ' -- note: two char spacer to start, to indent the column
|| v_colrec.column_name || ' '
-- || CASE WHEN v_colrec.data_type = 'USER-DEFINED' THEN in_schema || '.' || v_colrec.udt_name ELSE v_colrec.data_type END
|| CASE WHEN v_colrec.udt_name in ('geometry', 'box2d', 'box2df', 'box3d', 'geography', 'geometry_dump', 'gidx', 'spheroid', 'valid_detail')
THEN v_colrec.udt_name WHEN v_colrec.data_type = 'USER-DEFINED' THEN in_schema || '.' || v_colrec.udt_name ELSE v_colrec.data_type END
|| CASE WHEN v_colrec.is_identity = 'YES' THEN CASE WHEN v_colrec.identity_generation = 'ALWAYS' THEN ' GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY' ELSE ' GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY' END ELSE '' END
|| CASE WHEN v_colrec.character_maximum_length IS NOT NULL THEN ('(' || v_colrec.character_maximum_length || ')')
WHEN v_colrec.numeric_precision > 0 AND v_colrec.numeric_scale > 0 THEN '(' || v_colrec.numeric_precision || ',' || v_colrec.numeric_scale || ')'
ELSE '' END || ' '
|| CASE WHEN v_colrec.is_nullable = 'NO' THEN 'NOT NULL' ELSE 'NULL' END
|| CASE WHEN v_colrec.column_default IS NOT null THEN (' DEFAULT ' || v_colrec.column_default) ELSE '' END
|| ',' || E'\n';
END LOOP;
END IF;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG3: tabledef so far: %', v_table_ddl;
-- define all the constraints
FOR v_constraintrec IN
SELECT con.conname as constraint_name, con.contype as constraint_type,
CASE
WHEN con.contype = 'p' THEN 1 -- primary key constraint
WHEN con.contype = 'u' THEN 2 -- unique constraint
WHEN con.contype = 'f' THEN 3 -- foreign key constraint
WHEN con.contype = 'c' THEN 4
ELSE 5
END as type_rank,
pg_get_constraintdef(con.oid) as constraint_definition
FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint con JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class rel ON rel.oid = con.conrelid JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp ON nsp.oid = connamespace
WHERE nsp.nspname = in_schema AND rel.relname = in_table ORDER BY type_rank
LOOP
IF v_constraintrec.type_rank = 1 THEN
v_primary := True;
v_constraint_name := v_constraintrec.constraint_name;
IF bPartition THEN
continue;
END IF;
END IF;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG4: constraint name= %', v_constraintrec.constraint_name;
constraintarr := constraintarr || string_to_array(v_constraintrec.constraint_name,',');
IF in_fktype <> 'FKEYS_INTERNAL' AND v_constraintrec.constraint_type = 'f' THEN
continue;
END IF;
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ' ' -- note: two char spacer to start, to indent the column
|| 'CONSTRAINT' || ' '
|| v_constraintrec.constraint_name || ' '
|| v_constraintrec.constraint_definition
|| ',' || E'\n';
END LOOP;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG5: tabledef so far: %', v_table_ddl;
-- drop the last comma before ending the create statement
v_table_ddl = substr(v_table_ddl, 0, length(v_table_ddl) - 1) || E'\n';
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- at this point we have everything up to the last table-enclosing parenthesis
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- RAISE NOTICE 'ddlsofar1: %', v_table_ddl;
-- See if this is an inheritance-based child table and finish up the table create.
IF bPartition and bInheritance THEN
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') INHERITS (' || in_schema || '.' || v_parent || ') ' || E'\n' || v_relopts || ' ' || v_tablespace || ';' || E'\n';
END IF;
IF v_pgversion >= 100000 AND NOT bPartition and NOT bInheritance THEN
-- See if this is a partitioned table (pg_class.relkind = 'p') and add the partitioned key
SELECT pg_get_partkeydef(c1.oid) as partition_key INTO v_partition_key FROM pg_class c1 JOIN pg_namespace n ON (n.oid = c1.relnamespace) LEFT JOIN pg_partitioned_table p ON (c1.oid = p.partrelid)
WHERE n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c1.relnamespace and c1.relname = in_table and c1.relkind = 'p';
IF v_partition_key IS NOT NULL AND v_partition_key <> '' THEN
-- add partition clause
-- NOTE: cannot specify default tablespace for partitioned relations
-- v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') PARTITION BY ' || v_partition_key || ' ' || v_tablespace || ';' || E'\n';
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') PARTITION BY ' || v_partition_key || ';' || E'\n';
ELSEIF v_relopts <> '' THEN
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') ' || v_relopts || ' ' || v_tablespace || ';' || E'\n';
ELSE
-- end the create definition
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') ' || v_tablespace || ';' || E'\n';
END IF;
END IF;
-- RAISE NOTICE 'ddlsofar2: %', v_table_ddl;
-- Add closing paren for regular tables
-- IF NOT bPartition THEN
-- v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || ') ' || v_relopts || ' ' || v_tablespace || E';\n';
-- END IF;
-- RAISE NOTICE 'ddlsofar3: %', v_table_ddl;
-- create indexes
FOR v_indexrec IN
SELECT indexdef, COALESCE(tablespace, 'pg_default') as tablespace, indexname FROM pg_indexes WHERE (schemaname, tablename) = (in_schema, in_table)
LOOP
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG6: indexname=%', v_indexrec.indexname;
-- loop through constraints and skip ones already defined
bSkip = False;
FOREACH constraintelement IN ARRAY constraintarr
LOOP
IF constraintelement = v_indexrec.indexname THEN
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG7: skipping index, %', v_indexrec.indexname;
bSkip = True;
EXIT;
END IF;
END LOOP;
if bSkip THEN CONTINUE; END IF;
-- Add IF NOT EXISTS clause so partition index additions will not be created if declarative partition in effect and index already created on parent
v_indexrec.indexdef := REPLACE(v_indexrec.indexdef, 'CREATE INDEX', 'CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS');
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG8: adding index, %', v_indexrec.indexname;
-- NOTE: cannot specify default tablespace for partitioned relations
IF v_partition_key IS NOT NULL AND v_partition_key <> '' THEN
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || v_indexrec.indexdef || ';' || E'\n';
ELSE
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || v_indexrec.indexdef || ' TABLESPACE ' || v_indexrec.tablespace || ';' || E'\n';
END IF;
END LOOP;
-- RAISE INFO 'DEBUG9: tabledef so far: %', v_table_ddl;
-- Handle external foreign key defs here if applicable.
IF in_fktype = 'FKEYS_EXTERNAL' THEN
SELECT 'ALTER TABLE ONLY ' || n.nspname || '.' || c2.relname || ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' || r.conname || ' ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_constraintdef(r.oid, true) || ';' into v_fkey_defs
FROM pg_constraint r, pg_class c1, pg_namespace n, pg_class c2 where r.conrelid = c1.oid and r.contype = 'f' and n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = r.connamespace and r.conrelid = c2.oid and c2.relname = in_table;
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || v_fkey_defs;
ELSIF in_fktype = 'FKEYS_COMMENTED' THEN
SELECT '-- ALTER TABLE ONLY ' || n.nspname || '.' || c2.relname || ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' || r.conname || ' ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_constraintdef(r.oid, true) || ';' into v_fkey_defs
FROM pg_constraint r, pg_class c1, pg_namespace n, pg_class c2 where r.conrelid = c1.oid and r.contype = 'f' and n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = r.connamespace and r.conrelid = c2.oid and c2.relname = in_table;
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || v_fkey_defs;
END IF;
-- RAISE NOTICE 'ddlsofar5: %', v_table_ddl;
IF in_trigger = 'INCLUDE_TRIGGERS' THEN
select pg_get_triggerdef(t.oid, True) || ';' INTO v_trigger FROM pg_trigger t, pg_class c, pg_namespace n
WHERE n.nspname = in_schema and n.oid = c.relnamespace and c.relname = in_table and c.relkind = 'r' and t.tgrelid = c.oid and NOT t.tgisinternal;
IF v_trigger <> '' THEN
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || v_trigger;
END IF;
END IF;
-- add empty line
v_table_ddl := v_table_ddl || E'\n';
RETURN v_table_ddl;
END;
$$;
使用方法如下：
test=# \df *get*tabledef
函数列表
架构模式 | 名称 | 结果数据类型 | 参数数据类型 | 类型
----------+-----------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------
public | pg_get_tabledef | text | in_schema character varying, in_table character varying, in_fktype tabledef_fkeys DEFAULT 'FKEYS_INTERNAL'::tabledef_fkeys, in_trigger tabledef_trigs DEFAULT 'NO_TRIGGERS'::tabledef_trigs | 函数
(1 行记录)
test=# select pg_get_tabledef('test','beijing');
pg_get_tabledef
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE test.beijing ( +
objectid integer NOT NULL, +
name character varying(60) NULL, +
idum1 smallint NULL, +
area numeric(38,8) NULL, +
gdb_geomattr_data bytea NULL, +
shape geometry NULL, +
zz integer NULL, +
CONSTRAINT enforce_srid_shape CHECK ((st_srid(shape) = 3857)) +
) TABLESPACE pg_default; +
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX r105_sde_rowid_uk ON test.beijing USING btree (objectid) WITH (fillfactor='75') TABLESPACE pg_default;+
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX sde_rix_26 ON test.beijing USING btree (zz) WITH (fillfactor='75') TABLESPACE pg_default; +
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS a48_ix1 ON test.beijing USING gist (shape) TABLESPACE pg_default; +
+
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