android系统 main 函数

android系统的main函数，也称1号进程，下面做一下简单的分析

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int fd_count = 0;
    struct pollfd ufds[4];
    char *tmpdev;
    char* debuggable;
    char tmp[32];
    int property_set_fd_init = 0;
    int signal_fd_init = 0;
    int keychord_fd_init = 0;
    bool is_charger = false;

    if (!strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "ueventd"))
        return ueventd_main(argc, argv);

    if (!strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "watchdogd"))
        return watchdogd_main(argc, argv);

    /* clear the umask */
    umask(0);

        /* Get the basic filesystem setup we need put
         * together in the initramdisk on / and then we'll
         * let the rc file figure out the rest.
         */
    mkdir("/dev", 0755);
    mkdir("/proc", 0755);
    mkdir("/sys", 0755);

    mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID, "mode=0755");
    mkdir("/dev/pts", 0755);
    mkdir("/dev/socket", 0755);
    mount("devpts", "/dev/pts", "devpts", 0, NULL);
    mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, NULL);
    mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL);

        /* indicate that booting is in progress to background fw loaders, etc */
    close(open("/dev/.booting", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0000));

        /* We must have some place other than / to create the
         * device nodes for kmsg and null, otherwise we won't
         * be able to remount / read-only later on.
         * Now that tmpfs is mounted on /dev, we can actually
         * talk to the outside world.
         */
    open_devnull_stdio();
    klog_init();
    property_init();

    get_hardware_name(hardware, &revision);

    process_kernel_cmdline();

    union selinux_callback cb;
    cb.func_log = klog_write;
    selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb);

    cb.func_audit = audit_callback;
    selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);

    selinux_initialize();
    /* These directories were necessarily created before initial policy load
     * and therefore need their security context restored to the proper value.
     * This must happen before /dev is populated by ueventd.
     */
    restorecon("/dev");
    restorecon("/dev/socket");
    restorecon("/dev/__properties__");
    restorecon_recursive("/sys");

    is_charger = !strcmp(bootmode, "charger");

    INFO("property init\n");
//printk("=================[init.c]  property init !\n");
    if (!is_charger)
        property_load_boot_defaults();

    INFO("reading config file\n");
    init_parse_config_file("/init.rc");

    action_for_each_trigger("early-init", action_add_queue_tail);

    queue_builtin_action(wait_for_coldboot_done_action, "wait_for_coldboot_done");
    queue_builtin_action(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");
    queue_builtin_action(keychord_init_action, "keychord_init");
    queue_builtin_action(console_init_action, "console_init");

    /* execute all the boot actions to get us started */
    action_for_each_trigger("init", action_add_queue_tail);

    /* skip mounting filesystems in charger mode */
    if (!is_charger) {
        action_for_each_trigger("early-fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("post-fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("post-fs-data", action_add_queue_tail);
    }

    /* Repeat mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng in case /dev/hw_random or /dev/random
     * wasn't ready immediately after wait_for_coldboot_done
     */
    queue_builtin_action(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");

    queue_builtin_action(property_service_init_action, "property_service_init");
    queue_builtin_action(signal_init_action, "signal_init");
    queue_builtin_action(check_startup_action, "check_startup");

    if (is_charger) {
        action_for_each_trigger("charger", action_add_queue_tail);
    } else {
        action_for_each_trigger("early-boot", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("boot", action_add_queue_tail);
    }

        /* run all property triggers based on current state of the properties */
    queue_builtin_action(queue_property_triggers_action, "queue_property_triggers");


#if BOOTCHART
    queue_builtin_action(bootchart_init_action, "bootchart_init");
#endif

    for(;;) {
        int nr, i, timeout = -1;

        execute_one_command();
        restart_processes();

        if (!property_set_fd_init && get_property_set_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_property_set_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            property_set_fd_init = 1;
        }
        if (!signal_fd_init && get_signal_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_signal_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            signal_fd_init = 1;
        }
        if (!keychord_fd_init && get_keychord_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_keychord_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            keychord_fd_init = 1;
        }

        if (process_needs_restart) {
            timeout = (process_needs_restart - gettime()) * 1000;
            if (timeout < 0)
                timeout = 0;
        }

        if (!action_queue_empty() || cur_action)
            timeout = 0;

#if BOOTCHART
        if (bootchart_count > 0) {
            if (timeout < 0 || timeout > BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS)
                timeout = BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS;
            if (bootchart_step() < 0 || --bootchart_count == 0) {
                bootchart_finish();
                bootchart_count = 0;
            }
        }
#endif

        nr = poll(ufds, fd_count, timeout);
        if (nr <= 0)
            continue;

        for (i = 0; i < fd_count; i++) {
            if (ufds[i].revents == POLLIN) {
                if (ufds[i].fd == get_property_set_fd())
                    handle_property_set_fd();
                else if (ufds[i].fd == get_keychord_fd())
                    handle_keychord();
                else if (ufds[i].fd == get_signal_fd())
                    handle_signal();
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

1.   /* clear the umask */
    umask(0);

  init进程创建的文件或者目录默认权限为 0777

2.创建文件系统
/* Get the basic filesystem setup we need put
         * together in the initramdisk on / and then we'll
         * let the rc file figure out the rest.
         */
    mkdir("/dev", 0755);
    mkdir("/proc", 0755);
    mkdir("/sys", 0755);


    mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID, "mode=0755");
    mkdir("/dev/pts", 0755);
    mkdir("/dev/socket", 0755);
    mount("devpts", "/dev/pts", "devpts", 0, NULL);
    mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, NULL);
    mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL);




3.创建空白设备节点和初始化日志节点
    open_devnull_stdio();
    klog_init();
    property_init();


    get_hardware_name(hardware, &revision);
//get_hardware_name()方法用于解析/proc/cpuinfo文件获取硬件信息，

并用于拼接成一个init.<hardware_name>.rc文件，继续解析。


    process_kernel_cmdline();
 //解析/proc/cmdline文件，将其中的属性导入Android系统全局变量
 union selinux_callback cb; cb.func_log = klog_write; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb); cb.func_audit = audit_callback; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);

3.创建空白设备节点和初始化日志节点
    open_devnull_stdio();
    klog_init();
    property_init();


    get_hardware_name(hardware, &revision);
//get_hardware_name()方法用于解析/proc/cpuinfo文件获取硬件信息，并用于拼接成一个init.<hardware_name>.rc文件，继续解析。


    process_kernel_cmdline();
 //解析/proc/cmdline文件，将其中的属性导入Android系统全局变量
 union selinux_callback cb; cb.func_log = klog_write; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb); cb.func_audit = audit_callback; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);

4. 解析并初始化 init.rc
INFO("reading config file\n");
    init_parse_config_file("/init.rc");


    action_for_each_trigger("early-init", action_add_queue_tail);


    queue_builtin_action(wait_for_coldboot_done_action, "wait_for_coldboot_done");
    queue_builtin_action(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");
    queue_builtin_action(keychord_init_action, "keychord_init");
    queue_builtin_action(console_init_action, "console_init");


init.rc的解析结果是形成action_list（on关键字相关的部分），service_list（service_关键字相关的部分）以及action_queue（需要执行的命令或服务），以便后续流程使用。


5.主循环 循环执行并解析命令
execute_one_command();
        restart_processes();


void execute_one_command(void)
{
    int ret;


    if (!cur_action || !cur_command || is_last_command(cur_action, cur_command)) {
        cur_action = action_remove_queue_head();
        cur_command = NULL;
        if (!cur_action)
            return;
        INFO("processing action %p (%s)\n", cur_action, cur_action->name);
        cur_command = get_first_command(cur_action);
    } else {
        cur_command = get_next_command(cur_action, cur_command);
    }


    if (!cur_command)
        return;


    ret = cur_command->func(cur_command->nargs, cur_command->args);
    INFO("command '%s' r=%d\n", cur_command->args[0], ret);
}


static void restart_processes()
{
    process_needs_restart = 0;
    service_for_each_flags(SVC_RESTARTING,
                           restart_service_if_needed);
}


循环执行并解析命令,如下是init.rc的部分脚本程序


service zygote /system/bin/app_process -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote --start-system-server


    class main
    socket zygote stream 660 root system
    onrestart write /sys/android_power/request_state wake
    onrestart write /sys/power/state on
    onrestart restart media
    onrestart restart netd




service drm /system/bin/drmserver
    class main
    user drm
    group drm system inet drmrpc




service media /system/bin/mediaserver
    class main
    user media
    group audio camera inet net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct drmrpc mediadrm
    ioprio rt 4