pip学习20200810

虚拟环境

source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate mybase_python3.7.3

#新建虚拟环境
conda create -n mytest_python3.7.3 python=3.7.3（需要联网）

#进入虚拟环境
conda activate mytest_python3.7.3
source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate mytest_python3.7.3

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------------------
certifi    2020.6.20
pip        20.1.1
setuptools 47.3.1.post20200622
wheel      0.34.2
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ 

liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/anaconda3/envs/mytest_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages$ ls -alh
total 64K
drwxrwxr-x 12 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 .
drwxrwxr-x 35 liuhao liuhao  12K 7月   3 03:38 ..
drwxrwxr-x  3 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 certifi
drwxrwxr-x  2 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 certifi-2020.6.20-py3.7.egg-info
-rw-rw-r--  2 liuhao liuhao  126 6月  17 05:29 easy_install.py
drwxrwxr-x  5 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 pip
drwxrwxr-x  2 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 pip-20.1.1-py3.7.egg-info
drwxrwxr-x  5 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 pkg_resources
drwxrwxr-x  2 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 __pycache__
-rw-rw-r--  4 liuhao liuhao  119 3月  28  2019 README.txt
drwxrwxr-x  6 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 setuptools
drwxrwxr-x  2 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 setuptools-47.3.1.post20200622-py3.7.egg-info
drwxrwxr-x  4 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 wheel
drwxrwxr-x  2 liuhao liuhao 4.0K 7月   3 03:38 wheel-0.34.2-py3.7.egg-info
liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/anaconda3/envs/mytest_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages$ 

pip学习

查看pip版本

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip --version
pip 20.1.1 from /home/liuhao/anaconda3/envs/mytest_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ 

查看wheel版本

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ wheel version
wheel 0.34.2
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ 

pip -h

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip -h

Usage:   
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  config                      Manage local and global configuration.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  cache                       Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  debug                       Show information useful for debugging.
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
                              WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort.
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
                              HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
                              certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
                              download. Implied with --no-index.
  --no-color                  Suppress colored output
  --no-python-version-warning
                              Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ 

可以看看pip命令的源码

/home/liuhao/anaconda3/envs/mytest_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands

cache.py
check.py
completion.py
configuration.py
debug.py
download.py
freeze.py
hash.py
help.py
__init__.py
install.py
list.py
__pycache__
search.py
show.py
uninstall.py
wheel.py

这些可以学学

  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.

  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
  
  

pip install

pip install <pacakage>   or pip install -r/--requirement requirements.txt

#ubuntu16.04
source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate test_python3.7.3
cd /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/

1.安装本地.whl文件，不依赖其他的.whl文件，或者依赖的.whl文件都已经准备好了，也就是完全不需要联网

1.1 不依赖其他的.whl文件，也就是完全不需要联网

#这个不需要联网，因为numpy不依赖其他的.whl文件
#会生成numpy和numpy.libs和numpy-1.19.0.dist-info文件夹
#安装路径是/home/liuhao/anaconda3/envs/test_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages

pip install ./numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl

1.2 numpy装好之后，再装opencv_python-3.4.6.27

#numpy装好之后，且版本满足opencv_python-3.4.6.27的要求
#可以不需要联网安装，因为opencv_python-3.4.6.27只依赖于numpy

pip install ./opencv_python-3.4.6.27-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl 

1.3 同时安装opencv_python-3.4.6.27和numpy

#numpy没装好，且版本满足opencv_python-3.4.6.27的要求
#可以不需要联网安装，因为opencv_python-3.4.6.27只依赖于numpy

pip install ./opencv_python-3.4.6.27-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl ./numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl

1.4 查找所有*.whl和*.tar.gz文件，依赖的.whl文件都已经准备好了，也就是完全不需要联网(重点重点重点)

pip install ./<自定义路径>/*.whl		#ubuntu可用，但windows不可用

1.5 使用pip_install.txt(重点重点重点)

#pip_install.txt里面有
matplotlib/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
matplotlib/kiwisolver-1.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
matplotlib/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
matplotlib/pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
matplotlib/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
matplotlib/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

#pip_install.txt里面最好只放.whl文件名称
pip install -r ./pip_install.txt	#ubuntu可用，windows可用

2.安装本地.whl文件，依赖其他的.whl文件，需要联网下载

#需要从网站下载依赖，不指定网站，太慢了，估计从国外或者是默认源下载.whl文件
#最好指定速度好的镜像源，下载.whl文件

2.1.不使用pip_install.txt

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip install ./matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
Looking in indexes: http://pypi.douban.com/simple
Processing ./matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Collecting numpy>=1.10.0
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/a8/31/e2c3eda7afe7dab08e1f24767b8e38ff2f30dc82bd74aa3a5324c550366a/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (14.6 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 14.6 MB 3.9 MB/s 
Collecting kiwisolver>=1.0.1
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/31/b9/6202dcae729998a0ade30e80ac00f616542ef445b088ec970d407dfd41c0/kiwisolver-1.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (88 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 88 kB 6.1 MB/s 
Collecting pyparsing!=2.0.4,!=2.1.2,!=2.1.6,>=2.0.1
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/8a/bb/488841f56197b13700afd5658fc279a2025a39e22449b7cf29864669b15d/pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (67 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 67 kB 5.4 MB/s 
Collecting cycler>=0.10
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/f7/d2/e07d3ebb2bd7af696440ce7e754c59dd546ffe1bbe732c8ab68b9c834e61/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.5 kB)
Collecting python-dateutil>=2.1
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/d4/70/d60450c3dd48ef87586924207ae8907090de0b306af2bce5d134d78615cb/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (227 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 227 kB 3.1 MB/s 
Collecting six
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/ee/ff/48bde5c0f013094d729fe4b0316ba2a24774b3ff1c52d924a8a4cb04078a/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Installing collected packages: numpy, kiwisolver, pyparsing, six, cycler, python-dateutil, matplotlib
Successfully installed cycler-0.10.0 kiwisolver-1.2.0 matplotlib-3.0.3 numpy-1.19.0 pyparsing-2.4.7 python-dateutil-2.8.1 six-1.15.0
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$

2.2.使用pip_install.txt(重点重点重点)

#pip_install.txt里面单独一行有matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
#这种方法可行

pip install -r ./pip_install.txt -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

3.完全联网安装

1.不使用pip_install.txt

pip install matplotlib==3.0.3 -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

2.使用pip_install.txt

#pip_install.txt里面单独一行有 matplotlib==3.0.3
#放matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl是不行的

pip install -r ./pip_install.txt -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

pip freeze和pip freeze查看一下

注意pip freeze这里不显示下面三个，跟pip list不一样，估计是因为这三个不是包，而是工具
pip        20.1.1
setuptools 47.3.1.post20200622
wheel      0.34.2

pip download

pip download <pacakage>   or pip download -r/--requirement requirements.txt

#ubuntu16.04
source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate test_python3.7.3
cd /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/

1.不使用pip_download.txt

#可以指定文件存放路径
#可以指定下载网址
pip download matplotlib==3.0.3 -d ./matplotlib/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

2.使用pip_download.txt

#pip_download.txt里面单独一行有 matplotlib==3.0.3
#如果放matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl不行

#可以指定文件存放路径
#可以指定下载网址
pip download -r ./pip_download.txt -d ./matplotlib/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

pip uninstall

pip uninstall <pacakage>   or pip uninstall -r/--requirement requirements.txt

pip freeze

#查看当前安装的库的版本号,也可以按着一定格式输出已安装包列表

#ubuntu16.04
source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate test_python3.7.3
cd /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/

#生成一个迁移文件pip_freeze.txt，
#然后通过命令：
#pip install -r ./pip_freeze.txt
#即可重新安装环境

1.pip freeze

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip freeze
certifi==2020.6.20
cycler @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
kiwisolver @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/kiwisolver-1.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
matplotlib @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
numpy @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/numpy/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
pyparsing @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
python-dateutil @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
six @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ 

2.pip freeze >./pip_freeze.txt

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip freeze >./pip_freeze.txt

pip_freeze.txt具体内容：

certifi==2020.6.20
cycler @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
kiwisolver @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/kiwisolver-1.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
matplotlib @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/matplotlib-3.0.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
numpy @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/numpy/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
pyparsing @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
python-dateutil @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
six @ file:///home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/matplotlib/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

pip list

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip list
Package         Version
--------------- -------------------
certifi         2020.6.20
cycler          0.10.0
kiwisolver      1.2.0
matplotlib      3.0.3
numpy           1.19.0
pip             20.1.1					#pip freeze不会显示这个
pyparsing       2.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.1
setuptools      47.3.1.post20200622		#pip freeze不会显示这个
six             1.15.0
wheel           0.34.2					#pip freeze不会显示这个
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$

pip show

pip（无依赖）

pygame（无依赖）

numpy（无依赖）

opencv-python（numpy）

scipy（numpy）

scikit-learn（scipy, numpy）

six（无依赖）

matplotlib（kiwisolver, python-dateutil, numpy, pyparsing, cycler）

tensorflow（很多）

tensorflow-gpu（很多）

keras（keras-preprocessing, h5py, pyyaml, six, numpy, scipy, keras-applications）

jupyter（很多）

torch（numpy）

pillow（无依赖）

torchvision（numpy, pillow, six, torch）

kociemba（future, cffi）

#第一次需要联网生成了下面.whl文件
kociemba-1.2.1-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl

serial（future, iso8601, pyyaml）

PyOpenGL（无依赖）

wxPython（six, numpy, pillow）

#第一次需要联网生成了下面.whl文件
wxPython-4.0.7-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip install /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxPython-4.0.7-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl ^C
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip install /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxPython-4.0.7-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/Pillow-7.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Processing ./PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxPython-4.0.7-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl
Processing ./PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/numpy-1.19.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
Processing ./PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/Pillow-7.2.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/wxpython/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: six, Pillow, numpy, wxPython
Successfully installed Pillow-7.2.0 numpy-1.19.0 six-1.15.0 wxPython-4.0.7
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$

(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip show wxpython
Name: wxPython
Version: 4.0.7
Summary: Cross platform GUI toolkit for Python, "Phoenix" version
Home-page: http://wxPython.org/
Author: Robin Dunn
Author-email: robin@alldunn.com
License: wxWindows Library License (https://opensource.org/licenses/wxwindows.php)
Location: /home/liuhao/anaconda3/envs/mytest_python3.7.3/lib/python3.7/site-packages
Requires: numpy, pillow, six
Required-by: 
(mytest_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$

itchat

pip check

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip check matplotlib
No broken requirements found.

#删除numpy的结果，tensorflow不需要matplotlib，但是还是会显示出来，因为tensorflow需要numpy
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip check matplotlib
tensorflow 2.0.0 requires numpy, which is not installed.
tensorflow-gpu 2.0.0 requires numpy, which is not installed.
tensorboard 2.0.2 requires numpy, which is not installed.
opt-einsum 3.2.1 requires numpy, which is not installed.
matplotlib 3.0.3 requires numpy, which is not installed.
keras-preprocessing 1.1.2 requires numpy, which is not installed.
keras-applications 1.0.8 requires numpy, which is not installed.
h5py 2.10.0 requires numpy, which is not installed.


(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ pip check matplotlib
No broken requirements found.
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~$ 

pip search

pip search tensorflow

可以看到如下信息：
tensorflow-gpu (2.2.0)                            - TensorFlow is an open source machine learning framework for everyone.
  INSTALLED: 2.0.0
  LATEST:    2.2.0
  
tensorflow-gpu (2.2.0)                            - TensorFlow is an open source machine learning framework for everyone.
  INSTALLED: 2.0.0
  LATEST:    2.2.0
  

pip search tensorflow==2.0.0
pip search tensorflow-gpu==2.0.0

pip wheel

打包成.whl文件

pip wheel <pacakage>   or pip wheel -r/--requirement requirements.txt

#pip install执行的时候，有时也会调用pip wheel可以把.tar.gz文件变成.whl文件

ubuntu16.04

#ubuntu16.04
source ~/anaconda3/bin/activate test_python3.7.3
cd /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/



#pip wheel把.tar.gz文件生成.whl文件，在/home/liuhao/.cache/pip/wheels/
#也可以用-w=或--wheel-dir=指定路径

#不需要联网
pip wheel ./kociemba/future-0.18.2.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/

#需要联网-i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
pip wheel ./kociemba/kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

#不需要联网

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip wheel ./kociemba/future-0.18.2.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/
Processing ./kociemba/future-0.18.2.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: future
  Building wheel for future (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for future: filename=future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl size=491058 sha256=b5abe87a087965982996cdf00735d50426cfa502486b838fa32ff58f5c3d0e92
  Stored in directory: /home/liuhao/.cache/pip/wheels/b5/43/fb/c784c3997737a94ae25370addf4910d4a04b58e4ba9387faad
Successfully built future
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$

#需要联网

(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$ pip wheel ./kociemba/kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
Looking in indexes: http://pypi.douban.com/simple
Processing ./kociemba/kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz
Collecting cffi>=1.0.0
  File was already downloaded /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/kociemba/cffi-1.14.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Collecting future
  Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/45/0b/38b06fd9b92dc2b68d58b75f900e97884c45bedd2ff83203d933cf5851c9/future-0.18.2.tar.gz (829 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 829 kB 579 kB/s 
Collecting pycparser
  File was already downloaded /home/liuhao/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty/kociemba/pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Skipping cffi, due to already being wheel.
Skipping pycparser, due to already being wheel.
Building wheels for collected packages: kociemba, future
  Building wheel for kociemba (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for kociemba: filename=kociemba-1.2.1-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl size=6795117 sha256=8c17ca208e1dce9b5cbd4319b3e3cf3e34d94fef050e7c3fb87c0fc39dd88f9a
  Stored in directory: /home/liuhao/.cache/pip/wheels/99/a8/45/5916e4a1cf24b9a54cb51c1d0645e7c1ba10e7bf7e1c68007e
  Building wheel for future (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for future: filename=future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl size=491058 sha256=167d1b9bb9673e42eef724fadc21247ad63f207895435a6f7fcb124d6e758d81
  Stored in directory: /home/liuhao/.cache/pip/wheels/71/78/b2/33e5003d632221538166dac06ffa89f842ff26e60400097ee3
Successfully built kociemba future
(test_python3.7.3) liuhao@liuhao-Lenovo:~/PycharmProjects/Python_3rdparty$

windows10

#windows10
activate test_python3.7.3
D:
cd /AI_robot/Heima_Project/Clion_and_Pycharm/Python_3rdparty/



#pip wheel把.tar.gz文件生成.whl文件，在C:\Users\liuhao\AppData\Local\pip\cache\wheels\
#也可以用-w=或--wheel-dir=指定路径

#不需要联网
pip wheel ./kociemba/future-0.18.2.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/

#需要联网-i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
pip wheel ./kociemba/kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz ./kociemba/cffi-1.14.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl ./kociemba/future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl ./kociemba/pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl --wheel-dir=./kociemba/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

#不需要联网

(test_python3.7.3) D:\AI_robot\Heima_Project\Clion_and_Pycharm\Python_3rdparty>pip wheel ./kociemba/future-0.18.2.tar.gz --wheel-dir=./kociemba/
Processing d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\future-0.18.2.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: future
  Building wheel for future (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for future: filename=future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl size=491062 sha256=c7b9d60ad6ac47f29cec63734acb6c19fa07e972e186541fda5d81d89a6fc9ed
  Stored in directory: c:\users\liuhao\appdata\local\pip\cache\wheels\e3\fd\a6\81d91eafda009ac94c79a7f28f3ff1fa6af892d1bccfca5cd0
Successfully built future

(test_python3.7.3) D:\AI_robot\Heima_Project\Clion_and_Pycharm\Python_3rdparty>

#需要联网

(test_python3.7.3) D:\AI_robot\Heima_Project\Clion_and_Pycharm\Python_3rdparty>pip wheel ./kociemba/kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz ./kociemba/cffi-1.14.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl ./kociemba/future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl ./kociemba/pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl --wheel-dir=./kociemba/ -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
Looking in indexes: http://pypi.douban.com/simple
Processing d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\kociemba-1.2.1.tar.gz
Processing d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\cffi-1.14.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
  File was already downloaded d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\cffi-1.14.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
Processing d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl
  File was already downloaded d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\future-0.18.2-py3-none-any.whl
Processing d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  File was already downloaded d:\ai_robot\heima_project\clion_and_pycharm\python_3rdparty\kociemba\pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Skipping cffi, due to already being wheel.
Skipping future, due to already being wheel.
Skipping pycparser, due to already being wheel.
Building wheels for collected packages: kociemba
  Building wheel for kociemba (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for kociemba: filename=kociemba-1.2.1-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl size=6761021 sha256=ae6f0d50bd26c79bcc61db1069952245657bb9127c273c22781fa3e7d9422e9e
  Stored in directory: c:\users\liuhao\appdata\local\pip\cache\wheels\de\2b\2a\87935207d4fb9c5334ff60d1078b02ca543945eca9322db070
Successfully built kociemba

(test_python3.7.3) D:\AI_robot\Heima_Project\Clion_and_Pycharm\Python_3rdparty>

参考网站

python3.X 使用pip 离线安装whl包
https://blog.csdn.net/wangyaninglm/article/details/54177720

python pip常用指令（install,list,freeze）
https://blog.csdn.net/kkshuaicc/article/details/89739432