使用Felix的Declarative Services需要解决的依赖

在Felix官网的Apache Felix OSGi Tutorial下提供了Felix的入门例子，其中的第9个展示了如何使用Declarative Services，源代码如下：

package tutorial.example9;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.apache.felix.examples.dictionaryservice.DictionaryService;
import org.apache.felix.examples.spellcheckservice.SpellCheckService;
import org.osgi.service.component.annotations.Component;
import org.osgi.service.component.annotations.Reference;
import org.osgi.service.component.annotations.ReferenceCardinality;
import org.osgi.service.component.annotations.ReferencePolicy;

@Component
public class SpellCheckServiceImpl implements SpellCheckService
{
  
    @Reference(policy=ReferencePolicy.DYNAMIC, cardinality=ReferenceCardinality.AT_LEAST_ONE)
    private volatile List<DictionaryService> m_svcObjList;
  
    public String[] check( String passage )
    {
        if ( ( passage == null ) || ( passage.length() == 0 ) )
        {
            return null;
        }

        List<String> errorList = new ArrayList<String>();
        StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer( passage, " ,.!?;:" );
 
        final List<DictionaryService> localServices = m_svcObjList;
        
        while ( st.hasMoreTokens() )
        {
            String word = st.nextToken();
            boolean correct = false;
            
            for(final DictionaryService dictionary : localServices) {
                if ( dictionary.checkWord( word ) )
                {
                    correct = true;
                }
            }

            if ( !correct )
            {
                errorList.add( word );
            }
        }

        if ( errorList.size() == 0 )
        {
            return null;
        }
        return errorList.toArray( new String[errorList.size()] );
    }
}

例子很简单，就是通过声明式服务引入其他Bundle的服务，并利用这些服务来进行拼写检查。但因为原文没有说明依赖的包，所以在调试时花费了很长时间。Declarative Services在编译和运行时需要以下包的支持：

1、OSGi Compendium

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.osgi.compendium</artifactId>
    <version>5.0.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

2、Apache Felix Declarative Services

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.apache.felix.scr</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.16</version>
</dependency>

3、OSGi Utilities Promise

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.osgi.util.promise</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>

4、OSGi Utilities Function

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.osgi.util.function</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>

OSGi Compendium是在编译是需要的，否则org.osgi.service.component.*会找不到。而后面三个是在运行环境中需要的，Felix需要Apache Felix Declarative Services来解析声明的服务，Apache Felix Declarative Services又依赖OSGi Utilities Promise和OSGi Utilities Function。如果缺少了这三个包的任何一个，在运行时会报类似于以下的错误：

Unable to resolve com.example.test [7](R 7.0):
    missing requirement [com.example.test [7](R 7.0)] osgi.extender; (&(osgi.extender=osgi.component)(version>=1.3.0)(!(version>=2.0.0)))
  Unresolved requirements:
    [[com.example.test [7](R 7.0)] osgi.extender; (&(osgi.extender=osgi.component)(version>=1.3.0)(!(version>=2.0.0)))]