Thinking in Java接口与抽象类

//: interfaces/Adventure.java
// Multiple interfaces.

interface CanFight {
  void fight();
}

interface CanSwim {
  void swim();
}

interface CanFly {
  void fly();
}

class ActionCharacter {
  public void fight() {}
}   

class Hero extends ActionCharacter
    implements CanFight, CanSwim, CanFly {
  public void swim() {}
  public void fly() {}
}

public class Adventure {
  public static void t(CanFight x) { x.fight(); }
  public static void u(CanSwim x) { x.swim(); }
  public static void v(CanFly x) { x.fly(); }
  public static void w(ActionCharacter x) { x.fight(); }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Hero h = new Hero();
    t(h); // Treat it as a CanFight
    u(h); // Treat it as a CanSwim
    v(h); // Treat it as a CanFly
    w(h); // Treat it as an ActionCharacter
  }
} ///:~

上例展示的就是使用接口的核心原因：为了能够向上转型为多个基类型（以及由此带来的灵活性）

防止客户端程序员创建该类的对象这一出发点，是跟抽象类相仿的

java只能单继承，如果没有接口，向上转型后是无法表示成多种类型的