Hibernate查询特定几个字段

Hibernate查询特定几个字段

1.    问题场景

考试系统开发中，类似考题、答题卡等对象，可能包含如“题目内容”、“答案及评语”等信息量非常大的字段，而实际使用中，列表显示不需要查询所有的对象属性，这时若把所有属性全部取出来太耗费资源，因此查询特定的几个字段就可以。

2.    实现方法

说明：实现方法可能有很多，这里只列出亲测有效的两种：

1.通过hql语句实现，分别获取字段数据并手动组装成对象

Question.java

package com.geariot.platform.exam.entities;   import java.util.Date;   import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table;   import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache; import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy; import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;   @Entity @Table(name="question") @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE, region="javaClassName") public class Question {            private String id;          private int level;  //难度          private int type;   //类别，单选题0,多选题1,填空题2,问答题3          private String typeName; //类别名称          private String abs;//题目缩略内容          private String content;//题目内容          private String subject;//科目名称          private String subjectId;//科目Id          private Date createTime;//创建时间          private String answer; //标准答案                   @Id          @Column(length=32)          @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")          @GenericGenerator(name="system-uuid", strategy="uuid")          public String getId() {                    return id;          }          public void setId(String id) {                    this.id = id;          }                   public int getLevel() {                    return level;          }          public void setLevel(int level) {                    this.level = level;          }          public int getType() {                    return type;          }          public void setType(int type) {                    this.type = type;          }                   @Column(name = "type_name")          public String getTypeName() {                    return typeName;          }          public void setTypeName(String typeName) {                    this.typeName = typeName;          }          public String getContent() {                    return content;          }          public void setContent(String content) {                    this.content = content;          }          public String getSubject() {                    return subject;          }          public void setSubject(String subject) {