Centos7扩展磁盘空间

##1. 查看磁盘并创建新分区

扫描磁盘情况

echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

查看磁盘情况

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
#磁盘大小
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bea13

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    83886079    40893440   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 39.7 GB, 39720058880 bytes, 77578240 
#分区大小
sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

###创建新分区
fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n              #n创建新分区
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p                #p分区类型
Partition number (3,4, default 3):   #直接回车
First sector (83886080-167772159, default 83886080):    #直接回车
Using default value 83886080
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (83886080-167772159, default 167772159):                          #直接回车
Using default value 167772159
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 40 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w              #w保存并退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

如果出现需要重新启动电脑

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

reboot

###再次查看分区
fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bea13

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    83886079    40893440   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        83886080   167772159    41943040   83  Linux
#新增加磁盘分区 /dev/sda3 ,创建物理卷时使用
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 39.7 GB, 39720058880 bytes, 77578240 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

##2.创建物理卷并扩展卷组
###查看卷组名称及大小
vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos               #名称
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <39.00 GiB大        #当前大小
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9983
  Alloc PE / Size       9982 / 38.99 GiB    #已分配
  Free  PE / Size       1 / 4.00 MiB        #空闲大小扩展分区时使用
  VG UUID               HxuBfE-HjMo-oukD-Xx5T-g6zH-gjfE-pT48Kl

###创建卷
pvcreate /dev/sda3

  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

###扩展卷组
vgextend centos /dev/sda3

  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

###查看物理卷
**pvdisplay **

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               <39.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9983
  Free PE               1
  Allocated PE          9982
  PV UUID               1syFwI-rpjc-O1Ws-xGql-GC3o-tAml-OQIDsb
   
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               40.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              10239
  Free PE               10239
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               wdIz6w-kwrN-BfcE-ECB1-JtdQ-PB5a-vcK0Eo

##3.扩展逻辑卷
###查看磁盘分区大小
df -h

Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   37G  1.5G   36G   5% /      #需要扩展的分区
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  8.8M  7.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               1014M  265M  750M  27% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0

###查看当前逻辑卷的名称及空间大小
lvdisplay

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                4PsjOD-0ASJ-ksHY-cK0w-HScG-Kg71-oGTMF3
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-05-15 05:16:38 -0400
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
 1. currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root    #需要扩展的逻辑卷
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                h2q8Cv-Whlf-3Aav-80bd-14XC-1Cfg-wviAPB
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-05-15 05:16:39 -0400
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                36.99 GiB
  Current LE             9470
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
 2. currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

##3.扩展分区大小

###扩展分区
lvextend -l +10240 /dev/centos/root
+10240本次增加的容量，数值见查看卷组名称及大小**vgdisplay**

Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <40.90 GiB (10470 extents) to 76.99 GiB (19710 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

###调整文件系统大小 ext2、ext3、ext4文件系统
resize2fs -f /dev/centos/root

###调整文件系统大小 xfs文件系统
xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root

###查询分区大小
df -h

Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   77G  1.5G   76G   2% /      #大小已经调整到位
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  8.8M  7.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               1014M  265M  750M  27% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0