XML笔记-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liunianhen/article/details/45049263

XML学习笔记

这篇文档是李兴华老师讲解JSP时XML部分的内容。我看完视频后做的笔记。感觉笔记清楚，有兴趣的可以看下。本来有图片，但图片无法复制。

一．DOC方式处理XML文件

1.1XML文件的解析

准备解析的XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>

<info>

</info>

<info>

</info>

</properties>

具体解析代码：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc = builder.parse(new File("D:" + File.separator + "area.xml"));

NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName("info");

for(int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++)

{

Element e = (Element) nl.item(i);

System.out.println("comment:" + e.getElementsByTagName("comment").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());

System.out.println("entry:" + e.getElementsByTagName("entry").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());

}

1.1XML文件的生成

生成XML文件

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc = builder.newDocument(); //新建文档对象

//创建节点

Element info = doc.createElement("info");

Element name = doc.createElement("name");

Element age = doc.createElement("age");

//建立节点关系

name.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Liu"));

age.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("21"));

info.appendChild(name);

info.appendChild(age);

doc.appendChild(info);

//输出XML文件

TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();

Transformer t = tf.newTransformer();

t.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");

DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);

StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new File("D:" + File.separator + "info.xml"));

t.transform(source, result);

}

生成的XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<info>

</info>

二．XML文件处理方式SAX

1.1 SAX只能读取XML文件

1.XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<info>

</info>

2.首先创建解析的SAX类

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

class MySax extends DefaultHandler

{

public void startDocument() throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" >");

}

public void startElement(String url, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException

{

System.out.print("<" + qName );

//设置属性

for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++)

{

System.out.print(" " + attributes.getQName(i) + "=\"" + attributes.getValue(i) + "\"");

}

System.out.print(">");

}

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException

{

System.out.print(new String(ch, start, length));

}

public void endElement(String url, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException

{

System.out.print("</" + qName + ">" );

}

public void endDocument() throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("\n=== End ====");

}

1.2解析

public class XMLTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

SAXParserFactory spfactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

SAXParser sp = spfactory.newSAXParser();

sp.parse(new File("D:" + File.separator + "info.xml"), new MySax());

}

解析后XML文件显示结果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" >

=== End ====

三．JDOC处理XML文件

首先到 www.jdom.org上下载 jdom.jar 文件。

然后将jdom.jar文件导入到项目中。也可以将存放jar文件路径添加到 ClassPath变量中。路径格式： D:\Codes\workspace\MyProgram\jdom-2.0.5.jar

3.1 ＪＤＯＣ生成XML文件

具体代码：

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.jdom2.Attribute;

import org.jdom2.Document;

import org.jdom2.Element;

import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;

public class XMLTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

Element info = new Element("info");

Element name = new Element("name");

Element age = new Element("age");

Attribute id = new Attribute("id", "ye");

Document doc = new Document(info);

name.setText("Stream");

name.setAttribute(id);

age.setText("21");

info.addContent(name);

info.addContent(age);

XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter();

out.setFormat(out.getFormat().setEncoding("gbk"));

out.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("D:" + File.separator + "info_jdom.xml"));

}

生成的XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>

<info>

<name id="ye">Stream</name>

</info>

3.2 ＪＤＯＣ读取XML文件

读取以上例子生成的XML文件

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();

Document doc = builder.build("D:" + File.separator + "info_jdom.xml");

Element root = doc.getRootElement();

List<Element> list = root.getChildren();

for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++)

{

Element e = list.get(i);

System.out.println(e.getName() + ":" + e.getValue());

}

递归读取XML中节点信息

public static void print(Element e, int i)

{

StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();

for(int x = 0; x < i; x++)

{

s.append(" ");

}

List<Element> childlist = null;

childlist = e.getChildren();

if (childlist.size() > 0)

{

i++;

System.out.print(s.toString() + e.getName() + " ");

List<Attribute> att = e.getAttributes();

for(int j = 0; j < att.size(); j++)

{

Attribute a = att.get(j);

System.out.print(a.getName() + "=" + a.getValue() );

}

System.out.println(":");

for(int j = 0; j < childlist.size(); j++)

{

Element ce = childlist.get(j);

print(ce, i);

}

else

{

System.out.print(s.toString() + e.getName() + " ");

List<Attribute> att = e.getAttributes();

for(int j = 0; j < att.size(); j++)

{

Attribute a = att.get(j);

System.out.print(a.getName() + "=" + a.getValue() );

}

System.out.println(" :" + e.getValue());

}

四．DOM4J处理XML文件

首先要下载dom4j-1.6.1.jar文件。在网站 http://sourceforge.net/ 中标记的位置输入 dom4j，搜索。下载，导入到项目中。

4.1XML文件的生成

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;

import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class XMLTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();

Element info = doc.addElement("info");

Element name = info.addElement("name");

Element age = info.addElement("age");

name.setText("Hi");

age.setText("21");

OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat();

format.setEncoding("UTF-8");

XMLWriter write = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(

new File("D:" + File.separator + "info_dom4j.xml")), format);

write.write(doc);

write.close();

}

生成的XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<info>

</info>

4.2 DOM4J解析XML文件

解析代码：

import java.io.File;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

public class XMLTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

File file = new File("D:" + File.separator + "info_dom4j.xml");

SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

Document doc = reader.read(file);

Element root = doc.getRootElement();

Iterator iter = root.elementIterator();

while(iter.hasNext())

{

Element e = (Element) iter.next();

System.out.println(e.getName() + ":" + e.getText());

}

五．JavaScript操作XML文件

代码：

<!DOCTYPE html >

<head>

<title>JavaScript Test</title>

function func()

{

var id = new Array(1,2,3);

var value = new Array("北京","上海","深圳");

var select = document.getElementById("area");

select.length = 1;

select.options[0].selected = true;

for(var i = 0; i < id.length; i++)

{

var option = document.createElement("option");

option.setAttribute("value",id[i]);

option.appendChild(document.createTextNode(value[i]));

select.appendChild(option);

}

</script>

</head>

</select>

</form>

</body>

</html>