1.实现一个Action的最常用方式:从ActionSupport继承。
ActionSupport中封装了很多有效地方法。
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class IndexAction extends ActionSupport{
public String execute(){
return "success";
}
}
2.DMI动态方法调用。
<action name="user" class="" method="xxx">
<result>xxx</result>
</action >
2.可以通过Action名称后加!+方法名来实现对不同方法的调用。
<action name="user" class="">
<result>xxx</result>
</action >
3.通配符的配置: * {1}{2}……
<package name="actions" extends="struts-default" namespace="/actions">
<action name="Student*" class="com.china.StudentAction" method="{1}">
<result>/Student{1}_success.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="*_*" class="com.china.{1}Action" method="{2}">
<result>/{1}_{2}_success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
4.接收参数的方法(一般用属性或者DomainModel来接受)
属性:
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
private String name;
private int age;
public String add() {
System.out.println("name=" + name);
System.out.println("age=" + age);
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
DomainModel:
简单的model:
public class User {
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
简单的调用:
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
private User user = new User();
public String add() {
System.out.println("name=" + user.getName());
System.out.println("age=" + user.getAge());
return SUCCESS;
}
public User getModel() {
return user;
}
}
5.简单参数验证addFieldError
一般不使用Struts2的UI标签
先java的代码:
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
private String name;
public String add() {
if(name == null || !name.equals("admin")) {
this.addFieldError("name", "name is error");
this.addFieldError("name", "name is too long");
return ERROR;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
然后jsp:
<body>
使用addFieldError方法和s:fieldError标签简单处理数据校验
<a href="user/user!add?name=a" >添加用户</a>
</body>
最后 .xml:
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="user" extends="struts-default" namespace="/user">
<action name="user" class="com.china.UserAction">
<result>/user_add_success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/user_add_error.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
6.访问Web元素
Map类型
i)IoC
import java.util.Map;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction1 extends ActionSupport {
private Map request;
private Map session;
private Map application;
public LoginAction1() {
request = (Map)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
}
public String execute() {
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
ii)依赖Struts2
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction2 extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware,SessionAware, ApplicationAware {
private Map<String, Object> request;
private Map<String, Object> session;
private Map<String, Object> application;
//DI dependency injection
//IoC inverse of control
public String execute() {
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request = request;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
this.session = session;
}
@Override
public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {
this.application = application;
}
}
原始类型
i)IoC
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction3 extends ActionSupport {
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
public LoginAction3() {
request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
session = request.getSession();
application = session.getServletContext();
}
public String execute() {
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
ii)依赖Struts2
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction4 extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
public String execute() {
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request = request;
this.session = request.getSession();
this.application = session.getServletContext();
}
}
7.引入
login.xml
<struts>
<package name="login" extends="struts-default" namespace="/login">
<action name="login*" class="com.china.LoginAction{1}">
<result>/user_login_success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
在Struts.xml中引入login.xml:
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<include file="login.xml" />
</struts>
8.默认Action处理(通常用来处理 当用户访问某路径下不存在action, 转跳到where的配置):
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<default-action-ref name="index"></default-action-ref>
<action name="index">
<result>/default.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>