Linux tutorial (Linux 导学)--Introduction to Operating Systems

preface

      用Linux有一段时间了，也常去社区和论坛但总是潜水很少发贴。现看到一个不错的linux tutorial，于是萌生了把它翻译出来的想法，也算是对Linux一微不足道的contribution吧：）

Linux tutorial (Linux 导学)

    The place where you learn linux.Looking for an in-depth and easy-to-understand introduction to Linux? Then Look no further!We don't just show you how to execute a handful of commands and a few of utilities.The Linux tutorial goes beyond the basic,providing you with the knowledge necessary of your Linux system.
     学习linux的地方, 在寻找一个深入且易懂的Linux介绍？这里就是了。我们不仅仅是告诉你如何执行几个常用的命令和不多的实用程序。这里讨论的不只是基础， 你会学到相关的知识以便很好的理解Linux系统。

Introduction to Operating Systems

操作系统简介

    It is a common occurrence to find users who are not even aware of what operation sytem they are runing.On occasion,you also find a Administrator who know the name of the operation system,but nothing about the inner workings of it.In many cases,they have no time as they are often clerical workers or other personnel who were reluctantly appointed to be the System administrator.Being able to run or work on a linux system does not mean you must understand the intricate details of how it functions internally.However, there are some operation system concepts that will help you to interact better with the system. They will also serve as the foundation for many
issues we're going to cover in this section.
        经常会出现这样的情况，一些用户甚至不知道他们使用的是什么操作系统。可能你也遇到过某个管理员知道操作系统的名字，但并不了解它内部是怎么工作的。很是因为，他们要做太多杂事没有时间，或者，他们并不是自愿当系统管理员的。要使用Linux并不意味差你必须理解那些复杂的内部细节。但是，一些基本的操作系统概念更好的使用它，同时也是这里我们将涉及的问题的基础。

    In this chapter,we are going to go though the basic composition of an operation system. First, we'll talk about what an operation system is and
why it is important.we are also going to adress how the components work independently and together.
    在这章里，我们先看看操作系统的基本组成。首先，讲述什么是操作系统，为什么它那么重要。 接下来我们会讨论各个组件是怎么在一起或是独立工作的。

     My goal is not to make you an expert on operation system concepts. instead,I want to provide you with a starting point from which we can go on to other topics.If you want to go into more detail about operating systems, I would suggest Modern Operating Systems by Andrew Tanenbaum,
published by Prentice Hall, and Operating System Concepts by Silberschatz, Peterson, and Galvin, published by Addison-Wesley. Another is Inside Linux by Randolph Bentson, which gives you a quick introduction to operating system concepts from the perspective of Linux.
     我的目的不是让你成为操作系统的专家，而是给你一个可以继续其它内容。如果你打算深入研究操作系统，我希望可以向你推荐下面这些书。Andrew Tanenbaum的<<modern systems="" operating="">>，还有Randolph Bentson 著《Inside Linux》.


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