SpringMVC，json

SpringMVC，json

json的全称为：JavaScript Object Notation，是一种轻量级的数据交互格式。它基于 ECMAScript (欧洲计算机协会制定的js规范)的一个子集，采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据。

1.使用jackson

导包

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
        <!--1.注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--初始化参数关联spring MVC配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--设置启动级别-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!--所有请求被springMVC拦截-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--乱码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

编写springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
          https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.liu.controller"/>
    <!--    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>&ndash;&gt;-->
    <!--视图解析器:模板引擎 Thymeleaf Freemarker-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

编写实体类，导入lombok依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;
}

编写controller层

@Controller
public class UserConroller {

    @RequestMapping("/j1")
    @ResponseBody//它不会走视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串，不再跳转
    public String json1(HttpServletRequest request) {

        //创建一个对象
        User user = new User("无双",18,"男");
        
        return user.toString();
    }
}

调用jackson方法

@Controller
public class UserConroller {

    @RequestMapping("/j1")
    @ResponseBody//它不会走视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串，不再跳转
    public String json1(HttpServletRequest request) throws JsonProcessingException {
        //jacksosn ObjectMapper
        ObjectMapper mapper=new ObjectMapper();
        //创建一个对象
        User user = new User("无双",18,"男");
        //将对象变成字符串
        String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        return str;
    }
}

发现出现了乱码使用@RequestMapping的produces属性

@RequestMapping(value = "/j1",produces ="application/json;charset=utf-8")

2.使用fastjson

导包

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.60</version>
</dependency>

@RequestMapping("/j4")
public String json4()  {
    List<User> list=new ArrayList<User>();
    User user1 = new User("无双1",18,"男");
    User user2 = new User("无双2",18,"男");
    User user3 = new User("无双3",18,"男");
    User user4 = new User("无双4",18,"男");
    list.add(user1);
    list.add(user2);
    list.add(user3);
    list.add(user4);
    System.out.println("Java对象转Json字符串");
    String s1 = JSON.toJSONString(list);
    System.out.println(s1);
    System.out.println("Json字符串转java对象");
    JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s1);
    System.out.println(jsonObject);
    return s1;
}