Docker 中jmap报错：Can‘t attach to the process: ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH问题

通过docker启动了一个java服务。登陆到容器中，通过jmap查看jvm相关信息，报错：

# jmap -heap 6
Attaching to process ID 6, please wait...
Error attaching to process: sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.DebuggerException: Can't attach to the process: ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, ..) failed for 6: Operation not permitted
sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.DebuggerException: sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.DebuggerException: Can't attach to the process: ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, ..) failed for 6: Operation not permitted
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal$LinuxDebuggerLocalWorkerThread.execute(LinuxDebuggerLocal.java:163)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal.attach(LinuxDebuggerLocal.java:278)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent.attachDebugger(HotSpotAgent.java:671)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent.setupDebuggerLinux(HotSpotAgent.java:611)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent.setupDebugger(HotSpotAgent.java:337)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent.go(HotSpotAgent.java:304)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.HotSpotAgent.attach(HotSpotAgent.java:140)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.tools.Tool.start(Tool.java:185)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.tools.Tool.execute(Tool.java:118)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.tools.HeapSummary.main(HeapSummary.java:49)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at sun.tools.jmap.JMap.runTool(JMap.java:201)
	at sun.tools.jmap.JMap.main(JMap.java:130)
Caused by: sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.DebuggerException: Can't attach to the process: ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, ..) failed for 6: Operation not permitted
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal.attach0(Native Method)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal.access$100(LinuxDebuggerLocal.java:62)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal$1AttachTask.doit(LinuxDebuggerLocal.java:269)
	at sun.jvm.hotspot.debugger.linux.LinuxDebuggerLocal$LinuxDebuggerLocalWorkerThread.run(LinuxDebuggerLocal.java:138)

经过查看资料发现，这不是什么 docker 或者jmap的Bug，而是 Docker 自 1.10 版本开始加入的安全特性。 jmap 这类 JDK 工具依赖于 Linux 的 PTRACE_ATTACH，而 Docker 自 1.10 版本开始，默认的 seccomp 配置文件中禁用了 ptrace。

解决方法：

1、–security-opt seccomp=unconfined

关闭seccomp，在启动容器时添加该选项

docker run --security-opt seccomp:unconfined ...

2、–cap-add=SYS_PTRACE

docker run --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE ...

官方文档连接https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/

3、Docker Compose 的支持
Docker Compose 自 version 1.1.0 (2015-02-25) 起支持 cap_add。官方文档：cap_add, cap_drop。用法：

前面的 docker-compose.yml 改写后文件内容如下（相同内容部分就不重复贴了）：

version: '2'

services:
  mysql:
    ...
  api:
    ...
    cap_add:
      - SYS_PTRACE