准备工作：
主节点(centos7.9 + oracle 12.2): 安装数据库软件，建库(实例名 lo666)
从节点(centos7.9 + oracle 12.2): 安装数据库软件，不建库 (后续从主库同步，实例名stdlo777)
1. 创建用户和用户组（两个节点，root用户执行）
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle2. 创建数据库安装目录和数据存储目录（两个节点，root用户执行）
mkdir -p /u01/oracle
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01
mkdir -p /data/arch
chown -R oracle.oinstall /data3. 安装依赖包（两个节点，root用户执行）
yum install libstdc++ libstdc++-devel gcc ksh glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel gcc-c++ compat-libcap1 sysstat smartmontools binutils rlwrap unzip 4. 设置oracle用户的环境变量
vi .bash_profile 主节点,oracle用户添加如下内容
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=lo666
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
stty erase ^H
alias sysdba='rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba'
alias rmant='rlwrap rman target /'
vi .bash_profile 从节点，oracle用户添加如下内容
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=stdlo777
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
stty erase ^H
alias sysdba='rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba'
alias rmant='rlwrap rman target /'5. 设置swap（两个节点，root用户执行）
dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/swap.file bs=1G count=10
mkswap /opt/swap.file
swapon /opt/swap.file设置swap开机自动挂载（两个节点，root用户执行）
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
swapon /opt/swap.file6. 配置hosts（两个节点，root用户执行）
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.1.225 dg225
192.168.1.226 dg2267. 配置sysctl.conf和limits.conf （两个节点，root用户执行）
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 6208434176
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 102408. 重启系统（两个节点，root用户执行）
reboot
9. 解压数据库（两个节点，root用户执行）
cd /opt
unzip Oracle_12C_liunx_64.zip
chown oracle.oinstall database -R
10. 两节点静默安装数据库（两个节点，oracle用户执行）
/opt/database/runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/12c_only_dbsw.rsp
cat /opt/12c_only_dbsw.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/tmp/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle
ORACLE_BASE=/u01
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rac.configurationType=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=0
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=0
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=主节点，静默创建数据库（主节点，oracle用户执行）
[oracle@dg225 opt]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile 12c_dbca_lo666.rsp
[oracle@dg225 opt]$ cat 12c_dbca_lo666.rsp
responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0
gdbName=lo666
sid=lo666
databaseConfigType=SI
RACOneNodeServiceName=
policyManaged=false
createServerPool=false
serverPoolName=
cardinality=
force=false
pqPoolName=
pqCardinality=
createAsContainerDatabase=false
numberOfPDBs=0
pdbName=
useLocalUndoForPDBs=true
pdbAdminPassword=
nodelist=
templateName=/u01/oracle/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=
systemPassword=
serviceUserPassword=
emConfiguration=DBEXPRESS
emExpressPort=5500
runCVUChecks=false
dbsnmpPassword=
omsHost=
omsPort=0
emUser=
emPassword=
dvConfiguration=false
dvUserName=
dvUserPassword=
dvAccountManagerName=
dvAccountManagerPassword=
olsConfiguration=false
datafileJarLocation={ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/
datafileDestination=/data/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
recoveryAreaDestination=
storageType=FS
diskGroupName=
asmsnmpPassword=
recoveryGroupName=
characterSet=ZHS16GBK
nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
registerWithDirService=false
dirServiceUserName=
dirServicePassword=
walletPassword=
listeners=
variablesFile=
variables=DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lo666,ORACLE_BASE=/u01,PDB_NAME=,DB_NAME=lo666,ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle,SID=lo666
initParams=undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1,processes=480,nls_language=AMERICAN,pga_aggregate_target=1184MB,sga_target=3552MB,dispatchers=(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lo666XDB),db_block_size=8192BYTES,diagnostic_dest={ORACLE_BASE},audit_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/adump,nls_territory=AMERICA,local_listener=LISTENER_LO666,compatible=12.2.0,control_files=("/data/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl", "/data/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl"),db_name=lo666,audit_trail=db,remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE,open_cursors=300
sampleSchema=true
memoryPercentage=40
databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE
automaticMemoryManagement=false
totalMemory=0
配置主节点：
[oracle@dg225 ~]$ alias sysdba
alias sysdba='rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba'
[oracle@dg225 ~]$ sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jun 22 21:16:38 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3724541952 bytes
Fixed Size 8627296 bytes
Variable Size 939527072 bytes
Database Buffers 2768240640 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog; -- 修改归档模式
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open; -- 打开数据库
Database altered.
SQL> alter database force logging; -- 打开force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/data/oradata/lo666/stdredo01.log') size 200M; -- 添加standby redo log
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/data/oradata/lo666/stdredo02.log') size 200M; -- 添加standby redo log
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/data/oradata/lo666/stdredo03.log') size 200M; -- 添加standby redo log
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/data/oradata/lo666/stdredo04.log') size 200M; -- 添加standby redo log
Database altered.
SQL> col MEMBER for a50
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile where type='STANDBY';
GROUP# TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
4 STANDBY /data/oradata/lo666/stdredo01.log
5 STANDBY /data/oradata/lo666/stdredo02.log
6 STANDBY /data/oradata/lo666/stdredo03.log
7 STANDBY /data/oradata/lo666/stdredo04.log
SQL> select GROUP#, DBID,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS from v$standby_log;
GROUP# DBID THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
4 UNASSIGNED 0 0 UNASSIGNED
5 UNASSIGNED 0 0 UNASSIGNED
6 UNASSIGNED 0 0 UNASSIGNED
7 UNASSIGNED 0 0 UNASSIGNED
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(lo666,stdlo777)' scope=spfile; --- 修改dg参数
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/data/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lo666' scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=stdlo777 LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdlo777' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/stdlo777/','/data/oradata/lo666/' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/stdlo777/','/data/oradata/lo666/' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=enable scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=enable scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set FAL_CLIENT=lo666 scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set FAL_SERVER=stdlo777 scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> create pfile from spfile; --- 创建pfile
File created.
SQL>
[oracle@dg225 dbs]$ cat /u01/oracle/dbs/initlo666.ora
lo666.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
lo666.__db_cache_size=2768240640
lo666.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0
lo666.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0
lo666.__java_pool_size=16777216
lo666.__large_pool_size=50331648
lo666.__oracle_base='/u01'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
lo666.__pga_aggregate_target=1241513984
lo666.__sga_target=3724541952
lo666.__shared_io_pool_size=201326592
lo666.__shared_pool_size=671088640
lo666.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/admin/lo666/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.2.0'
*.control_files='/data/oradata/lo666/control01.ctl','/data/oradata/lo666/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/stdlo777/','/data/oradata/lo666/'
*.db_name='lo666'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lo666XDB)'
*.fal_client='LO666'
*.fal_server='STDLO777'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(lo666,stdlo777)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/data/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lo666'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=stdlo777 LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdlo777'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/stdlo777/','/data/oradata/lo666/'
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1184m
*.processes=480
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=3552m
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'拷贝pfile至从节点
[oracle@dg225 dbs]$ scp initlo666.ora 192.168.1.226:/u01/oracle/dbs/initstdlo777.ora主节点配置监听
[oracle@dg225 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg225)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = lo666)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle)
(SID_NAME = lo666)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/
[oracle@dg225 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
lo666 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg225)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = lo666)
)
)
stdlo777 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg226)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SID = stdlo777)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/
从节点配置参数文件：
修改 参数文件
vi /u01/oracle/dbs/initstdlo777.ora
lo666.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
lo666.__db_cache_size=2768240640
lo666.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0
lo666.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0
lo666.__java_pool_size=16777216
lo666.__large_pool_size=50331648
lo666.__oracle_base='/u01'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
lo666.__pga_aggregate_target=1241513984
lo666.__sga_target=3724541952
lo666.__shared_io_pool_size=201326592
lo666.__shared_pool_size=671088640
lo666.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/admin/stdlo777/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.2.0'
*.control_files='/data/oradata/stdlo777/control01.ctl','/data/oradata/stdlo777/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/lo666/','/data/oradata/stdlo777/'
*.db_name='lo666'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=stdlo777XDB)'
*.fal_server='LO666'
*.fal_client='STDLO777'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(stdlo777,lo666)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/data/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdlo777'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lo666 LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lo666'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/lo666/','/data/oradata/stdlo777/'
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1184m
*.processes=480
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=3552m
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdlo777从节点配置监听
[oracle@dg226 admin]$ cat listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg226)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = stdlo777)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle)
(SID_NAME = stdlo777)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/
[oracle@dg226 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
lo666 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg225)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = lo666)
)
)
stdlo777 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg226)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SID = stdlo777)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/
[oracle@dg226 admin]$ lsnrctl start从节点配置必要的目录, 启动至nomount
[oracle@dg226 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/admin/stdlo777/adump
[oracle@dg226 ~]$ mkdir -p /data/oradata/stdlo777
[oracle@dg226 ~]$ mkdir -p /data/arch
[oracle@dg226 ~]$ sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jun 22 22:33:22 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount --- 使用参数文件开启数据库到nomount状态
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3724541952 bytes
Fixed Size 8627296 bytes
Variable Size 939527072 bytes
Database Buffers 2768240640 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
SQL>主节点 duplicate数据库至从节点：
[oracle@dg225 ~]$ scp /u01/oracle/dbs/orapwlo666 192.168.1.226:/u01/oracle/dbs/orapwstdlo777 --- 拷贝密码文件
[oracle@dg225 admin]$ rlwrap rman target sys/Oracle123@lo666 AUXILIARY sys/Oracle123@stdlo777
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jun 23 17:14:01 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: LO666 (DBID=645469506)
connected to auxiliary database: LO666 (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover nofilenamecheck; --- 将主库duplicate到从库
Starting Duplicate Db at 23-JUN-24
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=128 device type=DISK
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/oracle/dbs/orapwlo666' auxiliary format
'/u01/oracle/dbs/orapwstdlo777' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 23-JUN-24
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 23-JUN-24
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone from service 'lo666' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 23-JUN-24
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/control01.ctl
output file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 23-JUN-24
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/data/oradata/stdlo777/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/data/oradata/stdlo777/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/data/oradata/stdlo777/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/data/oradata/stdlo777/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 7 to
"/data/oradata/stdlo777/users01.dbf";
restore
from nonsparse from service
'lo666' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /data/oradata/stdlo777/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 23-JUN-24
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /data/oradata/stdlo777/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /data/oradata/stdlo777/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /data/oradata/stdlo777/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /data/oradata/stdlo777/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished restore at 23-JUN-24
sql statement: alter system archive log current
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone force from service 'lo666'
archivelog from scn 1847821;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 23-JUN-24
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=7
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=8
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service lo666
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=9
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 23-JUN-24
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=1172423729 file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=1172423729 file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=1172423729 file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1172423729 file name=/data/oradata/stdlo777/users01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1847958;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 23-JUN-24
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 is already on disk as file /data/arch/1_7_1172347332.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file /data/arch/1_8_1172347332.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file /data/arch/1_9_1172347332.arc
archived log file name=/data/arch/1_7_1172347332.arc thread=1 sequence=7
archived log file name=/data/arch/1_8_1172347332.arc thread=1 sequence=8
archived log file name=/data/arch/1_9_1172347332.arc thread=1 sequence=9
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished recover at 23-JUN-24
Finished Duplicate Db at 23-JUN-24
RMAN>
从库：
[oracle@dg226 admin]$ sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jun 23 17:16:56 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
MOUNTED
SQL> alter database open read only; --- 从库以只读的方式打开
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; --- 开启从库的日志应用
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; --- 可停止从库的日志应用
Database altered.---------------dg 已搭建完成，数据已可自动同步到备节点 --------------------------------------------
--------------- 开始切换switchover ----------------------------------------------------
主节点检查:
SYS@lo666> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database; -- 角色为PRIMARY，可切换
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ WRITE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY 645608162 TO STANDBY
SYS@lo666> select process,status,client_process,sequence#,block# from v$managed_standby; -- LGWR 在写 WRITING
PROCESS STATUS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# BLOCK#
--------- ------------ -------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 24 2048
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 24 1
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 22 251904
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
LGWR WRITING LGWR 25 365备节点检查：
SYS@stdlo777> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database; -- 角色为PHYSICAL STANDBY ，可切换
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ ONLY WITH APPLY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY 645608162 NOT ALLOWED
SYS@stdlo777> select process,status,client_process,sequence#,block# from v$managed_standby; -- 备库MRP0在应用日志 APPLYING_LOG
PROCESS STATUS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# BLOCK#
--------- ------------ -------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
RFS IDLE Archival 0 0
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 24 2048
RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 0 0
RFS IDLE LGWR 25 414
MRP0 APPLYING_LOG N/A 25 416
10 rows selected.主节点切换：
SYS@lo666> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown ; -- 将主节点切换为备，关闭主节点
Database altered.备节点接管：
SYS@stdlo777> select process,status,client_process,sequence#,block# from v$managed_standby; -- 此时MRP0 为等待日志
PROCESS STATUS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# BLOCK#
--------- ------------ -------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 25 1
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
DGRD ALLOCATED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 0 0
ARCH CLOSING ARCH 24 2048
MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG N/A 26 0
7 rows selected.
SYS@stdlo777> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown; -- 切换为主primary
Database altered.
SYS@stdlo777> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 MOUNTED MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY 0 NOT ALLOWED
SYS@stdlo777> alter database open;
Database altered.
SYS@stdlo777> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database; -- 角色已经切换为主
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ WRITE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY 645973944 FAILED DESTINATION
原主节点，现启动作为备节点：
SYS@lo666> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3724541952 bytes
Fixed Size 8627296 bytes
Variable Size 939527072 bytes
Database Buffers 2768240640 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
Database mounted.
SYS@lo666> alter database open read only; -- read only 打开数据库，作为备库准备接收日志
Database altered.
SYS@lo666> set line 200
SYS@lo666> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database; -- 角色为备库，需要recovery
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ ONLY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY 0 RECOVERY NEEDED
SYS@lo666> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; -- 开始应用日志
Database altered.
SYS@lo666> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ ONLY WITH APPLY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY 645973944 NOT ALLOWED
SYS@lo666>新主节点已切换成功，并将日志同步给备节点：
SYS@stdlo777> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role, switchover#,switchover_status from v$database; -- 新主节点状态
NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER# SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------------
LO666 READ WRITE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY 645973944 TO STANDBY
SYS@stdlo777> SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#; -- 检查日志是否被备库应用
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
7 YES
8 YES
9 YES
10 YES
11 YES
12 YES
13 YES
13 YES
14 YES
14 YES
15 YES
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
15 YES
16 YES
16 YES
17 YES
17 YES
18 YES
18 YES
19 YES
19 YES
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