数据库面试题

 

1)Which statement shows the maximum salary paid in each job category of each department?_______

A. select dept_id, job_cat,max(salary) from employees where salary > max(salary);

B. select dept_id, job_cat,max(salary) from employees group by dept_id,job_cat;

C. select dept_id, job_cat,max(salary) from employees;

D. select dept_id, job_cat,max(salary) from employees group by dept_id;

E. select dept_id, job_cat,max(salary) from employees group by dept_id,job_cat,salary;

 

2)description of the students table:

sid_id number

start_date date

end_date date

which two function are valid on the start_date column?_________。

A. sum(start_date)

B. avg(start_date)

C. count(start_date)

D. avg(start_date,end_date)

E. min(start_date)

F. maximum(start_date)

 

3)for which two constraints does the oracle server implicitly create a unique index?______。

A. not null

B. primary

C. foreign key

D. check

E. unique

 

4)in a select statement that includes a where clause,where is the group by clause placed in the select statement?______。

A. immediately after the select clause

B. before the where clause

C. before the from clause

D. after the order by clause

E. after the where clause

 

5)in a select statement that includes a where clause,where is the order by clause placed in the select statement?______.

A.immediately after the select clause

B.before the where clause

C.after all clause

D.after the where clause

E.before the from clause

 

6)evaluate there two sql statements______.

Select last_name,salary from employees order by salary;

Select last_name,salary from employees order by 2 asc;

A.the same result B.different result C.the second statement returns a syntax error

 

7) you would like to display the system date in the format“20051110 14：44：17”。Which select statement should you use?______。

A. select to_date(sydate,’yearmmdd hh:mm:ss’)from dual;

B. select to_char(sydate,’yearmonthday hh:mi:ss’)from dual;

C. select to_date(sydate,’yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss’)from dual;

D. select to_char(sydate,’yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss’)from dual;

E. select to_char(sydate,’yy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss’)from dual;

 

8)which select statement will the result ‘ello world’from the string‘Hello world’?______.

A. select substr(‘Hello World’,1)from dual;

B. select substr(trim(‘Hello World’,1,1))from dual;

C. select lower(substr(‘Hello World’,1))from dual;

D. select lower(trim(‘H’from‘Hello World’))from dual;

 

9)which are DML statements(choose all that apply)______.

A.commit B.merge C.update D.delete E.creat F.drop

 

10)Select 语句中用来连接字符串的符号是______.

A. “+” B. “&” C.“||” D.“|”

 

问答题： 什么是聚集索引，什么是非聚集索引，什么又是主键？ 

 

数据库笔试题

姓名： 日期：

 

1、事务是什么？

 

 

2、oracle中truncate和delete命令有何区别？

 

 

3、Oracle中char和varchar2数据类型有什么区别？有数据”test”分别存放到char(10)和varchar2(10)类型的字段中，其存储长度及类型有何区别？

 

 

4、参见如下表结构

出版社:

出版社代码 char(2),

出版社名称 varchar2(32)

 

图书:

图书编号 char(8),

图书名称 varchar2(128),

出版社代码 char(2),

作者代号 char(4),

图书简介 varchar2(128)

 

作者:

作者代号 char(4),

作者名称 varchar2(10),

性别 char(1),

年龄 number(3),

文学方向 varchar2(64)

 

获奖名单:

获奖日期 date,

获奖人员 char(4)

 

编写SQL语句，找出“作者”库中没有出现在“获奖名单”库中所有作者信息的SQL语句（提示：使用not in、not exists以及外关联三种方法，并说明哪种方法最优。

 

 

 

5、Oracle数据库表存在伪列rowid，请利用rowid编写一个SQL语句，从以下记录中找到唯一记录，并将其flag列更新为Y

 

No name sex flag

1 张三 1 N

1 张三 1 N

1 张三 1 N

 

 

 

6、Oracle中，需要在查询语句中把空值（NULL）输出为0，如何处理？

 

 

 

7、见第四题“获奖名单”表，写出SQL语句，查询出在上一个月获奖的人员。

 

 

 

8、见第四题“图书”表，在表上对图书名称、出版社代码、作者代号创建了组合索引，请问在执行如下语句时会不会利用到索引。

Select * from 图书 where 图书名称=’xxxx’

Select * from 图书 where 图书名称=’xxxx’ and 出版社代码=’bb’

Select * from 图书 where 图书名称=’xxxx’ and 作者代号=’ddd’

Select * from 图书 where 出版社代码=’yyy’

 

 

 

9、编写一个简单的Oracle存储过程，输出参数必须有一个是结果集。

 

 

 

专家对本试卷的分析：

第一，这张笔试卷从题目的考点上来看，属于基础知识类的；

第二，从难度上分析属于中等；

第三，从题目的设置上来看，该公司的主要用意是考察笔试者的工作经验和项目经验，尽管是基础知识，但是只要没做过开发工作，想回答上来并不容易；

第四，通篇只有第4题最后一问涉及到了“优化”的问题，因此判断该公司这张试题主要是面对开发职位的。

 

对于每次的面试题，我们希望能提供相应的试题点评，也希望更多的用户参与进来：http://bbs.database.ccidnet.com/thread.php?fid=27

Oracle DBA Interview Questions By B G

 

1. How many memory layers are in the shared pool?

 

2. How do you find out from the RMAN catalog if a particular archive log has been backed-up?

 

3. How can you tell how much space is left on a given file system and how much space each of the file system's subdirectories take-up?

 

4. Define the SGA and:

 

? How you would configure SGA for a mid-sized OLTP environment?

 

? What is involved in tuning the SGA?

 

5. What is the cache hit ratio, what impact does it have on performance of an Oracle database and what is involved in tuningit?

 

6. Other than making use of the statspack utility, what would you check when you are monitoring or running a health check on an Oracle 8i or 9i database?

 

7. How do you tell what your machine name is and what is its IP address?

 

8. How would you go about verifying the network name that the local_listener is currently using?

 

9. You have 4 instances running on the same UNIX box. How can you determine which shared memory and semaphores are associated with which instance?

 

10. What view(s) do you use to associate a user's SQLPLUS session with his o/s process?

 

11. What is the recommended interval at which to run statspack snapshots, and why?

 

12. What spfile/init.ora file parameter exists to force the CBO to make the execution path of a given statement use an index, even if the index scan may appear to be calculated as more costly?

 

13. Assuming today is Monday, how would you use the DBMS_JOB package to schedule the execution of a given procedure owned by SCOTT to start Wednesday at 9AM and to run subsequently every other day at 2AM.

 

14. How would you edit your CRONTAB to schedule the running of /test/test.sh to run every other day at 2PM?

 

15. What do the 9i dbms_standard.sql_txt() and dbms_standard.sql_text() procedures do?

 

16. In which dictionary table or view would you look to determine at which time a snapshot or MVIEW last successfully refreshed?

 

17. How would you best determine why your MVIEW couldn't FAST REFRESH?

 

18. How does propagation differ between Advanced Replication and Snapshot Replication (readonly)?

 

19. Which dictionary view(s) would you first look at to understand or get a high-level idea of a given Advanced Replication environment?

 

20. How would you begin to troubleshoot an ORA-3113 error?

 

21. Which dictionary tables and/or views would you look at to diagnose a locking issue?

 

22. An automatic job running via DBMS_JOB has failed. Knowing only that "it's failed", how do you approach troubleshooting this issue?

 

23. How would you extract DDL of a table without using a GUI tool?

 

24. You're getting high "busy buffer waits" - how can you find what's causing it?

 

25. What query tells you how much space a tablespace named "test" is taking up, and how much space is remaining?

 

26. Database is hung. Old and new user connections alike hang on impact. What do you do? Your SYS SQLPLUS session IS able to connect.

 

27. Database crashes. Corruption is found scattered among the file system neither of your doing nor of Oracle's. What database recovery options are available? Database is in archive log mode.

 

28. Illustrate how to determine the amount of physical CPUs a Unix Box possesses (LINUX and/or Solaris).

 

29. How do you increase the OS limitation for open files (LINUX and/or Solaris)?

 

30. Provide an example of a shell script which logs into SQLPLUS as SYS, determines the current date, changes the date format to include minutes & seconds, issues a drop table command, displays the date again, and finally exits.

 

31. Explain how you would restore a database using RMAN to Point in Time?

 

32. How does Oracle guarantee data integrity of data changes?

 

33. Which environment variables are absolutely critical in order to run the OUI?

 

34. What SQL query from v$session can you run to show how many sessions are logged in as a particular user account?

 

35. Why does Oracle not permit the use of PCTUSED with indexes?

 

36. What would you use to improve performance on an insert statement that places millions of rows into that table?

 

37. What would you do with an "in-doubt" distributed transaction?

 

38. What are the commands you'd issue to show the explain plan for "select * from dual"?

 

39. In what script is "snap$" created? In what script is the "scott/tiger" schema created?

 

40. If you're unsure in which script a sys or system-owned object is created, but you know it's in a script from a specific directory, what UNIX command from that directory structure can you run to find your answer?

 

41. How would you configure your networking files to connect to a database by the name of DSS which resides in domain icallinc.com?

 

42. You create a private database link and upon connection, fails with: ORA-2085: connects to . What is the problem? How would you go about resolving this error?

 

43. I have my backup RMAN script called "backup_rman.sh". I am on the target database. My catalog username/password is rman/rman. My catalog db is called rman. How would you run this shell script from the O/S such that it would run as a background process?

 

44. Explain the concept of the DUAL table.

 

45. What are the ways tablespaces can be managed and how do they differ?

 

46. From the database level, how can you tell under which time zone a database is operating?

 

47. What's the benefit of "dbms_stats" over "analyze"?

 

48. Typically, where is the conventional directory structure chosen for Oracle binaries to reside?

 

49. You have found corruption in a tablespace that contains static tables that are part of a database that is in NOARCHIVE log mode. How would you restore the tablespace without losing new data in the other tablespaces?

 

50. How do you recover a datafile that has not been physically been backed up since its creation and has been deleted. Provide syntax example.