python基础知识学习（异常处理结构）

异常处理结构

捕获一种异常

try:
	try块
except Exception [as e]:
	except 块

try:
	try块
except Exception [as e]:
	except 块
finally: //不管有没有异常都执行

try:
	try块
except BaseException[as e]:	//可以捕获所有异常（不精准）
	except 块

例：

while True:
	x = input('please input an Integer:')
	try:
		x = int(x)
		print('you have input {0}'.format(x))
		break
	except Exception as e:
		print('Input error.')

或者

while True:
	x = input('please input an Integer:')
	try:
		x = int(x)
	except Exception as e:
		print('Input error.')
	else: //没有异常执行
		print('you have input {0}'.format(x))
		break

捕获多种不同的异常

try:
	try块
except Exception1 [as e]:
	except 块1
except Exception2 [as e]:
	except 块2
	......

例

try:
	x = input('请输入被除数：')
	y = input('请输入除数：')
	z = float(x) / float(y)
except ZeroDivisionError:
	print('除数不能为0.')
except TypeError:
	print('输入应为数值型')
except NameError:
	print('变量不存在')
else:
	print(x , '/', y, '=', z)

try:
	x = input('input x:')
	y = input('input y:')
	result = float(x) / float(y)
except ZeroDivisionError:
	print('divide by zero!')
except TypeError:
	print('x,y 必须为数值型!')
else:
	print('result = ', result)
finally:
	print('executing finally clause')

程序调试：
①IDLE里面：debug -> debugger
②程序里面导入pdb模块：命令行中输入python -m pdb 程序名