1、以下是我阅读nginx(1.13.2版本)源码的一些心得,个人觉得学一个东西最好学它的思想,学会举一反三。
因为互联网的东西实在太多 了。本次主要大题看看nginx末尾的ngx_master_process_cycle函数实现大体过程。
因为是从整体上去了解原理,细节的东西省去,
比如ssl初始化等操作。(nginx.c)。
1.首先屏蔽一些处理信号,因为woker进程没有创建,这些信息暂不处理
sigemptyset(&set);
sigaddset(&set, SIGCHLD);
sigaddset(&set, SIGALRM);
sigaddset(&set, SIGIO);
sigaddset(&set, SIGINT);
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_RECONFIGURE_SIGNAL));
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_REOPEN_SIGNAL));
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_NOACCEPT_SIGNAL));
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_TERMINATE_SIGNAL));
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_SHUTDOWN_SIGNAL));
sigaddset(&set, ngx_signal_value(NGX_CHANGEBIN_SIGNAL));
if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL) == -1) { //不处理集合中的信号
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, cycle->log, ngx_errno,
"sigprocmask() failed");
}
sigemptyset(&set);
2、设置进程名字,
/*调用ngx_setproctilte设置进程标题,title = "master process" + ngx_argv[0] + ... + ngx_argv[ngx_argc-1];
*/
size = sizeof(master_process);
for (i = 0; i < ngx_argc; i++) {
size += ngx_strlen(ngx_argv[i]) + 1;
}
title = ngx_pnalloc(cycle->pool, size);
p = ngx_cpymem(title, master_process, sizeof(master_process) - 1);
for (i = 0; i < ngx_argc; i++) {
*p++ = ' ';
p = ngx_cpystrn(p, (u_char *) ngx_argv[i], size);
}
ngx_setproctitle(title);
3、启动worker进程和一个缓存进程
ngx_start_worker_processes(cycle, ccf->worker_processes, NGX_PROCESS_RESPAWN); //启动worker进程,ccf->worker_processes数量从配置文件中读取
ngx_start_cache_manager_processes(cycle, 0); //启动缓存进程
4、master进入循环,接收处理信号,保持子进程数量,重启等工作
ngx_new_binary = 0;
delay = 0;
sigio = 0;
live = 1;
for ( ;; ) {
//delay用来设置等待worker进程退出的时间,master接受退出信号后,
//首先发送退出信号给worker,而worker退出需要一些时间
if (delay) {
if (ngx_sigalrm) {
sigio = 0;
delay *= 2;
ngx_sigalrm = 0;
}
ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, cycle->log, 0,"termination cycle: %M", delay);
itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
itv.it_value.tv_sec = delay / 1000;
itv.it_value.tv_usec = (delay % 1000 ) * 1000;
//设置定时器,以系统真实时间来计算,送出SIGALRM信号
if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) == -1) {
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, cycle->log, ngx_errno,"setitimer() failed");
}
}
ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, cycle->log, 0, "sigsuspend");
sigsuspend(&set); //在这里挂起主进程,等待信号的到来
ngx_time_update();
ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, cycle->log, 0, "wake up, sigio %i", sigio);
//收到了子进程发出的异常信号,子进程退出了
//SIGCHLD,在一个进程终止或者停止时,将SIGCHLD信号发送给其父进程
if (ngx_reap) {
ngx_reap = 0;
ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, cycle->log, 0, "reap children");
//负责重启子进程,如果是用了killall那种命令一次性把所有子进程关了,那么master就不会再重启子进程了
live = ngx_reap_children(cycle);
}
//如果子进程都挂了,并且当前master也接收到了退出信号,回收资源,不再监听端口,退出
if (!live && (ngx_terminate || ngx_quit)) {
ngx_master_process_exit(cycle);
}
//下面是对一些信号的处理,不同的信号处理方式不同,退出也不同
//SIGINT
//SIGTERM
if (ngx_terminate) {
if (delay == 0) { //初始给子进程50的时间退出
delay = 50;
}
if (sigio) {
sigio--;
continue;
}
sigio = ccf->worker_processes + 2 /* cache processes */;
if (delay > 1000) { //延时超过1000了仍然没有退出,就给子进程发kill信号
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle, SIGKILL);
} else { //否则通知他们处理完请求后退出
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle, ngx_signal_value(NGX_TERMINATE_SIGNAL));
}
continue;
}
//SIGQUIT
if (ngx_quit) {
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle, ngx_signal_value(NGX_SHUTDOWN_SIGNAL));
ls = cycle->listening.elts;
for (n = 0; n < cycle->listening.nelts; n++) {
if (ngx_close_socket(ls[n].fd) == -1) {
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cycle->log, ngx_socket_errno,ngx_close_socket_n " %V failed",&ls[n].addr_text);
}
}
cycle->listening.nelts = 0;
continue;
}
//收到了SIGHUP信号,
if (ngx_reconfigure) {
ngx_reconfigure = 0;
if (ngx_new_binary) {
ngx_start_worker_processes(cycle, ccf->worker_processes,NGX_PROCESS_RESPAWN);
ngx_start_cache_manager_processes(cycle, 0);
ngx_noaccepting = 0;
continue;
}
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_NOTICE, cycle->log, 0, "reconfiguring");
cycle = ngx_init_cycle(cycle);
if (cycle == NULL) {
cycle = (ngx_cycle_t *) ngx_cycle;
continue;
}
ngx_cycle = cycle;
ccf = (ngx_core_conf_t *) ngx_get_conf(cycle->conf_ctx,ngx_core_module);
ngx_start_worker_processes(cycle, ccf->worker_processes,NGX_PROCESS_JUST_RESPAWN);
ngx_start_cache_manager_processes(cycle, 1);
/* allow new processes to start */
ngx_msleep(100);
live = 1;
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle,
ngx_signal_value(NGX_SHUTDOWN_SIGNAL));
}
if (ngx_restart) { //重启,这个好像不是信号,在ngx_reap_children函数中设置的值,比如热更新后这个方法执行
ngx_restart = 0;
ngx_start_worker_processes(cycle, ccf->worker_processes,NGX_PROCESS_RESPAWN);
ngx_start_cache_manager_processes(cycle, 0);
live = 1;
}
//收到了 SIGUSR1信号,重新打开所有的文件句柄
if (ngx_reopen) {
ngx_reopen = 0;
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_NOTICE, cycle->log, 0, "reopening logs");
ngx_reopen_files(cycle, ccf->user);
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle,
ngx_signal_value(NGX_REOPEN_SIGNAL));
}
//收到了 SIGUSR2信号,热代码替换,平滑升级新的程序,比如从nginx0.8不停服务的情况下升级到1.1
if (ngx_change_binary) {
ngx_change_binary = 0;
ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_NOTICE, cycle->log, 0, "changing binary");
ngx_new_binary = ngx_exec_new_binary(cycle, ngx_argv);
}
//收到了 SIGWINCH,不再接收请求,向所有worker进程发送信号,停止所有的worker进程,主进程继续循环挂起
if (ngx_noaccept) {
ngx_noaccept = 0;
ngx_noaccepting = 1;
ngx_signal_worker_processes(cycle, ngx_signal_value(NGX_SHUTDOWN_SIGNAL));
}
}
}
综合上面的,一些nginx操作的命令就可以的得出来了: