centos 7安装mysql

参考：实战篇：手把手教你Linux安装Mysql（细致入微） - 云+社区 - 腾讯云 

官网链接

MySQL :: MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual :: 2.2 Installing MySQL on Unix/Linux Using Generic Binarieshttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/binary-installation.html1.下载介质

环境：vmware

系统：centos 7

阿里云下载链接，选择自己使用版本

Index of /centos/https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/?spm=a2c6h.13651104.0.0.2b2512b2Yo87J4

mysql版本：mysql 5.7.20，官网链接：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

2.安装过程

2.1 安装centos系统，自行百度虚拟机安装centos教程

2.2 将mysql介质通过ftp或者xshell的文件传输上传到服务器中

        2.2.1 创建soft文件夹，并将文件复制到该目录下并解压

        [root@localhost ~]# ls
        anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
        [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /soft
        [root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /soft/
        [root@localhost ~]# cd /soft/
        [root@localhost soft]# ls
        mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

        [root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 

        [root@localhost soft]# mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql 

        [root@localhost soft]# cd mysql
        [root@localhost mysql]# ll
        total 36
        drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Oct 26 20:55 bin
        -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415 17987 Sep 13  2017 COPYING
        drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     55 Oct 26 20:55 docs
        drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Oct 26 20:55 include
        drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root    229 Oct 26 20:55 lib
        drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root     30 Oct 26 20:55 man
        -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415  2478 Sep 13  2017 README
        drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root   4096 Oct 26 20:55 share
        drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     90 Oct 26 20:55 support-files
        [root@localhost mysql]# groupadd mysql
        [root@localhost mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

        2.2.2修改目录权限及所属主

        [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
        [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
        [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /soft

        [root@localhost mysql]# chmod 750 /data

        2.2.3配置环境变量
         [root@localhost mysql]# cat <<EOF>> /root/.bash_profile 
        > export PATH=\$PATH:/soft/mysql/bin
        > EOF
        [root@localhost mysql]# source /root/.bash_profile

        2.2.4 安装依赖（本服务器已经安装无需再装）

        [root@localhost mysql]# yum install libaio
        Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
        Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
         * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
         * extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
         * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
        Package libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
        Nothing to do

        2.2.5 卸载已有mysql及mariadb

        [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
        [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
        mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
        [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -e --nodeps $(rpm -qa|grep mariadb)
        [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

        2.2.6 初始化mysql

        [root@localhost mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/soft/mysql

        --datadir=/data/mysql
        2021-10-27T01:11:54.917169Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is         deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp serve
        2021-10-27T01:11:55.126813Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
        2021-10-27T01:11:55.163403Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system         tables.
        2021-10-27T01:11:55.224847Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we         assume that this is the first time that this server has been sta
        2021-10-27T01:11:55.225923Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table         'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
        2021-10-27T01:11:55.227094Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for         root@localhost: Bz0_0,k30n7q

        给出root的初始密码为：Bz0_0,k30n7q

        2.2.7创建my.cnf文件并做配置

        [root@localhost etc]# cat <<EOF>/etc/my.cnf
        > [mysqld]
        > user=mysql
        > basedir=/soft/mysql
        > datadir=/data/mysql
        > server_id=6
        > port=3306
        > socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
        > ##客户端
        > [mysql]
        > socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
        > prompt=lucifer [\\\\d]>
        > EOF

        2.2.8 尝试启动

        [root@localhost etc]# /soft/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
        Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
         SUCCESS! 

        可以成功启动

        2.2.9 将服务添加到自动启动目录

        [root@localhost etc]# cp /soft/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

        可以使用如下命令启动服务

        [root@localhost init.d]# service mysqld start

        添加配置文件可以使用systemctl操作

        [root@localhost init.d]# cat <<EOF>>/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
        > [Unit]
        > Description=MySQL Server
        > Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
        > Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
        > After=network.target
        > After=syslog.target
        > [Install]
        > WantedBy=multi-user.target
        > [Service]
        > User=mysql
        > Group=mysql
        > ExecStart=/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
        > LimitNOFILE = 5000
        > EOF

        2.2.10 由于第一次登录mysql需要修改root密码，因此直接执行如下命令：

        [root@localhost init.d]# mysqladmin -uroot -pBz0_0,k30n7q password mysql

        修改root账号密码为mysql，登录尝试

        [root@localhost init.d]# mysql -uroot -pmysql
        mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
        Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
        Your MySQL connection id is 9
        Server version: 5.7.20 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

        Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

        Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
        affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
        owners.

        Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

        可以登录成功，证明修改密码成功。

如此完成mysql的安装