J2ME中使用Socket开发联网程序

最新推荐文章于 2011-10-31 17:49:30 发布

lixinye0123

最新推荐文章于 2011-10-31 17:49:30 发布

阅读量100

点赞数

分类专栏： Java 文章标签： Socket OS C++ C C#

Java 专栏收录该内容

86 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

　　在J2ME中基于UDP协议编程一文中介绍了如何使用Datagram和DatagramConnection来开发应用程序，本文将主要讲述在MIDP2.0中使用ServerSocketConnection和SocketConnection来开发联网应用程序。TCP协议是可以保证传输的质量的，这也是他和UDP的一大区别。由于以上谈到的四个类都属于GCF，他们在程序编写方面也非常相似，通常我们在Server端的某个端口监听，当客户端连接服务器的时候，则可以得到一个SocketConnection的实例。通过两端的SocketConnection则可以实现C/S结构的通信了。

　　首先看一下，ServerSocketConnection类，它的一个非常重要的方法就是acceptAndOpen()方法，这个方法返回一个SocketConnection实例，从而使得客户端和服务器端可以通过socket通信了。典型的代码如下：

// Create the server listening socket for port 1234

ServerSocketConnection scn = (ServerSocketConnection)

Connector.open("socket://:1234");

// Wait for a connection.

SocketConnection sc = (SocketConnection) scn.acceptAndOpen();

// Set application specific hints on the socket.

sc.setSocketOption(DELAY, 0);

sc.setSocketOption(LINGER, 0);

sc.setSocketOption(KEEPALIVE, 0);

sc.setSocketOption(RCVBUF, 128);

sc.setSocketOption(SNDBUF, 128);

// Get the input stream of the connection.

DataInputStream is = sc.openDataInputStream();

// Get the output stream of the connection.

DataOutputStream os = sc.openDataOutputStream();

// Read the input data.

String result = is.readUTF();

// Echo the data back to the sender.

os.writeUTF(result);

// Close everything.

is.close();

os.close();

sc.close();

scn.close();

..

　　SocketConnection的使用也是非常简单，通过Connector的open方法我们可以得到一个SocketConnection的实例。

SocketConnection sc = (SocketConnection)

Connector.open("socket://host.com:79");

sc.setSocketOption(SocketConnection.LINGER, 5);

InputStream is = sc.openInputStream();

OutputStream os = sc.openOutputStream();

os.write("\r\n".getBytes());

int ch = 0;

while(ch != -1) {

　ch = is.read();

}

is.close();

os.close();

sc.close();

　　其实我们在用socket编写程序的时候无非遵循这样的一种规则：服务器端建立监听端口等待连接，客户端通过open()方法与服务器端建立连接，两端通过建立的socket传输数据，关闭连接。

　　下图是我在运行WTK中NetworkDemo的时候的截图!代码也一并发表出来。

package socket;

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;

import javax.microedition.io.*;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import java.io.*;

public class SocketMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {

　private static final String SERVER = "Server";

　private static final String CLIENT = "Client";

　private static final String[] names = { SERVER, CLIENT };

　private static Display display;

　private Form f;

　private ChoiceGroup cg;

　private boolean isPaused;

　private Server server;

　private Client client;

　private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1);

　private Command startCommand = new Command("Start", Command.ITEM, 1);

　public SocketMIDlet() {

display = Display.getDisplay(this);

f = new Form("Socket Demo");

cg = new ChoiceGroup("Please select peer",

Choice.EXCLUSIVE, names,null);

f.append(cg);

f.addCommand(exitCommand);

f.addCommand(startCommand);

f.setCommandListener(this);

display.setCurrent(f);

　}

　public boolean isPaused() {

return isPaused;

　}

　public void startApp() {

isPaused = false;

　}

　public void pauseApp() {

isPaused = true;

　}

　public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {

if (server != null) {

　server.stop();

}

if (client != null) {

　client.stop();

}

　}

　public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) {

if (c == exitCommand) {

　destroyApp(true);

　notifyDestroyed();

} else if (c == startCommand) {

　String name = cg.getString(cg.getSelectedIndex());

　if (name.equals(SERVER)) {

server = new Server(this);

server.start();

　} else {

client = new Client(this);

client.start();

　}

}

　}

}

package socket;

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;

import javax.microedition.io.*;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import java.io.*;

public class Server implements Runnable, CommandListener {

　private SocketMIDlet parent;

　private Display display;

　private Form f;

　private StringItem si;

　private TextField tf;

　private boolean stop;

　private Command sendCommand = new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1);

　private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1);

　InputStream is;

　OutputStream os;

　SocketConnection sc;

　ServerSocketConnection scn;

　Sender sender;

　

　public Server(SocketMIDlet m) {

parent = m;

display = Display.getDisplay(parent);

f = new Form("Socket Server");

si = new StringItem("Status:", " ");

tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY);

f.append(si);

f.append(tf);

f.addCommand(exitCommand);

f.setCommandListener(this);

display.setCurrent(f);

　}

　public void start() {

Thread t = new Thread(this);

t.start();

　}

　public void run() {

try {

　si.setText("Waiting for connection");

　scn = (ServerSocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://:5009");

　// Wait for a connection.

　sc = (SocketConnection) scn.acceptAndOpen();

　si.setText("Connection accepted");

　is = sc.openInputStream();

　os = sc.openOutputStream();

　sender = new Sender(os);

　

　// Allow sending of messages only after Sender is created

　f.addCommand(sendCommand);

　while (true) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

int c = 0;

while (((c = is.read()) != '\n') && (c != -1)) {

　sb.append((char) c);

}

if (c == -1) {

　break;

}

si.setText("Message received - " + sb.toString());

　}

　stop();

　si.setText("Connection is closed");

　f.removeCommand(sendCommand);

} catch (IOException ioe) {

　if (ioe.getMessage().equals("ServerSocket Open")) {

Alert a = new Alert("Server",

"Port 5000 is already taken.",null, AlertType.ERROR);

a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER);

a.setCommandListener(this);

display.setCurrent(a);

　} else {

if (!stop) {

　ioe.printStackTrace();

}

　}

} catch (Exception e) {

　e.printStackTrace();

}

　}

　public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) {

if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused()) {

　sender.send(tf.getString());

}

if ((c == Alert.DISMISS_COMMAND) || (c == exitCommand)) {

　parent.notifyDestroyed();

　parent.destroyApp(true);

}

　}

/**

* Close all open streams

*/

　public void stop() {

try {

　stop = true;

　if (is != null) {

is.close();

　}

　if (os != null) {

os.close();

　}

　if (sc != null) {

sc.close();

　}

　if (scn != null) {

scn.close();

　}

} catch (IOException ioe) {

　}

}

}

package socket;

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;

import javax.microedition.io.*;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import java.io.*;

public class Client implements Runnable, CommandListener {

　private SocketMIDlet parent;

　private Display display;

　private Form f;

　private StringItem si;

　private TextField tf;

　private boolean stop;

　private Command sendCommand =

new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1);

　private Command exitCommand =

new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1);

　InputStream is;

　OutputStream os;

　SocketConnection sc;

　Sender sender;

　public Client(SocketMIDlet m) {

parent = m;

display = Display.getDisplay(parent);

f = new Form("Socket Client");

si = new StringItem("Status:", " ");

tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY);

f.append(si);

f.append(tf);

f.addCommand(exitCommand);

f.addCommand(sendCommand);

f.setCommandListener(this);

display.setCurrent(f);

　}

　/**

　* Start the client thread

　*/

　public void start() {

Thread t = new Thread(this);

t.start();

　}

　public void run() {

try {

　sc = (SocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://localhost:5009");

　si.setText("Connected to server");

　is = sc.openInputStream();

　os = sc.openOutputStream();

　// Start the thread for sending messages - see Sender's main

　// comment for explanation

　sender = new Sender(os);

　

　// Loop forever, receiving data

　while (true) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

int c = 0;

while (((c = is.read()) != '\n') && (c != -1)) {

　sb.append((char) c);

}

if (c == -1) {

　break;

}

// Display message to user

si.setText("Message received - " + sb.toString());

　}

　stop();

　si.setText("Connection closed");

　f.removeCommand(sendCommand);

} catch (ConnectionNotFoundException cnfe) {

　Alert a = new Alert("Client",

"Please run Server MIDlet first",null, AlertType.ERROR);

　a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER);

　a.setCommandListener(this);

　display.setCurrent(a);

} catch (IOException ioe) {

　if (!stop) {

ioe.printStackTrace();

　}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

　}

}

public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) {

　if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused()) {

sender.send(tf.getString());

　}

　if ((c == Alert.DISMISS_COMMAND) || (c == exitCommand)) {

parent.notifyDestroyed();

parent.destroyApp(true);

　}

}

/**

* Close all open streams

*/

public void stop() {

　try {

stop = true;　

if (sender != null) {
　sender.stop();
}

if (is != null) {
　is.close();
}

if (os != null) {
　os.close();
}

if (sc != null) {

　sc.close();

}

　} catch (IOException ioe) {

}

}

}

package socket;

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;

import javax.microedition.io.*;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import java.io.*;

public class Sender extends Thread {

　private OutputStream os;
　private String message;

　public Sender(OutputStream os) {
this.os = os;
start();
　}

　public synchronized void send(String msg) {
message = msg;
notify();

　}

　public synchronized void run() {
while (true) {
　// If no client to deal, wait until one connects
　if (message == null) {
try {
　wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}
　}

　if (message == null) {
break;
　}

　try{
os.write(message.getBytes());
os.write("\r\n".getBytes());

　} catch (IOException ioe) {
　ioe.printStackTrace();
}

// Completed client handling, return handler to pool and
// mark for wait
message = null;
　}
}

public synchronized void stop() {

　message = null;
　notify();
}

}