django filter exclude

filter

这里article是应用名称,Device是其中一个模型

from article import models as m

m.Device.objects.filter()
# 等同于 select * from device

m.Device.objects.filter(department='IoT')t
# 等同于 select * from device where department = 'IoT'

m.Device.objects.filter(department='IoT').count()
# 等同于 select count(*) from device where department = 'IoT'

m.Device.objects.filter(department='IoT').count()
# 等同于 select count(*) from device where department = 'IoT'

## 针对多个字段过滤
m.Device.objects.filter(department='IoT', device_change_time__lte='2022-09-21 16:38:22.003379')
# 等同于 select * from device where department = 'IoT' and device_change_time <= '2022-09-21 16:38:22.003379'

exclude

## 针对某个字段单个值排除
m.Device.objects.exclude(department='IoT')
# 等同于 select * from device where department != 'IoT'

## 针对某个字段多个值排除
m.Device.objects.exclude(department__in=['IoT', 'IT'])
# 等同于 select * from device where department not in  ('IoT', 'IT')

## 针对多个字段排除
m.Device.objects.exclude(department='IoT').exclude(borrow='xiaoming')
# 等同于 select * from device where department != 'IoT' and borrow != 'xiaoming'

Q用法

这里Q指代queryset,一般是复杂查询时或多个组合查询时会用到

from django.db.models import Q
m.Device.objects.filter(Q(department='IoT') | Q(device_change_time__lte='2022-09-21 16:38:22.003379'))
# 等同于m.Device.objects.filter(department='IoT', device_change_time__lte='2022-09-21 16:38:22.003379')

具体用法参考：django官方queryset用法