Scala Actor简述

概念

    Scala中的Actor能够实现并行编程的强大功能，它是基于事件模型的并发机制，Scala是运用消息（message）的发送、接收来实现多线程的。使用Scala能够更容易地实现多线程应用的开发。

actor方法执行顺序

1.首先调用start()方法启动Actor
2.调用start()方法后其act()方法会被执行
3.向Actor发送消息

发送消息的方式

例子

1

`import scala.actors.Actor
object MyActor1
extends Actor{
  //重新act方法
  def act(){
    for(i <- 1 to 10){
      println("actor-1 " + i)
      Thread.sleep(2000)
    }
  }
}
object MyActor2 extends Actor{
  //重新act方法
  def act(){
    for(i <- 1 to 10){
      println("actor-2 " + i)
      Thread.sleep(2000)
    }
  }
}
object ActorTest extends App{
  //启动Actor
  MyActor1.start()
  MyActor2.start()
}

说明：上面分别调用了两个单例对象的start()方法，他们的act()方法会被执行，相同与在java中开启了两个线程，线程的run()方法会被执行
注意：这两个Actor是并行执行的，act()方法中的for循环执行完成后actor程序就退出了

2

class MyActor extends Actor {

  override def act(): Unit = {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case "start" => {
          println("starting ...")
          Thread.sleep(5000)
          println("started")
        }
        case "stop" => {
          println("stopping ...")
          Thread.sleep(5000)
          println("stopped ...")
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
object MyActor {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val actor = new MyActor
    actor.start()
    actor ! "start"
    actor ! "stop"
    println("消息发送完成！")
  }
}

说明：在act()方法中加入了while(true) 循环，就可以不停的接收消息
注意：发送start消息和stop的消息是异步的，但是Actor接收到消息执行的过程是同步的按顺序执行

---

3（react方式会复用线程，比receive更高效）

class YourActor extends Actor {
  override def act(): Unit = {
    loop {
      react {
        case "start" => {
          println("starting ...")
          Thread.sleep(5000)
          println("started")
        }
        case "stop" => {
          println("stopping ...")
          Thread.sleep(8000)
          println("stopped ...")
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
object YourActor {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val actor = new YourActor
    actor.start()
    actor ! "start"
    actor ! "stop"
    println("消息发送完成！")
  }
}

说明： react 如果要反复执行消息处理，react外层要用loop，不能用while

4（结合case class发送消息）

class AppleActor extends Actor {
  def act(): Unit = {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case "start" => println("starting ...")
        case SyncMsg(id, msg) => {
          println(id + ",sync " + msg)
          Thread.sleep(5000)
          sender ! ReplyMsg(3,"finished")
        }
        case AsyncMsg(id, msg) => {
          println(id + ",async " + msg)
          Thread.sleep(5000)
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
object AppleActor {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = new AppleActor
    a.start()
    //异步消息
    a ! AsyncMsg(1, "hello actor")
    println("异步消息发送完成")
    //同步消息
    //val content = a.!?(1000, SyncMsg(2, "hello actor"))
    //println(content)
    val reply = a !! SyncMsg(2, "hello actor")
    println(reply.isSet)
    //println("123")
    val c = reply.apply()
    println(reply.isSet)
    println(c)
  }
}
case class SyncMsg(id : Int, msg: String)
case class AsyncMsg(id : Int, msg: String)
case class ReplyMsg(id : Int, msg: String)