springcloud集成Hystrix实现服务降级

一:Feign集成Hystrix实现声明式服务调用：定义FeignClient接口。指定服务提供者、指定回调

/**
 * : 描述信息
 *
 * @author liyy
 * @date 2018-07-28 14:59
 */
@FeignClient(value = "microservice-provider-user",fallback = UserFeignFallBack.class)
public interface UserFeignClient{

    @GetMapping(value = "/{id}")
    public User findOne(@RequestParam("id") Long id);

}

二:定义降级类实现上述接口,定义回调函数

/**
 * : 描述信息
 *
 * @author liyy
 * @date 2018-07-31 11:21
 */
@Component
public class UserFeignFallBack implements UserFeignClient{
    public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserFeignFallBack.class);

    public User findOne(Long id) {
        logger.info("断路器打开,执行回调");
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setAge("-1");
        user.setUsername("zs");
        return user;
    }
}

三:定义客户端。通过feign调用服务。这里有个问题：就是红色标注的代码获取不到breaker（一直返回null，所以无法打印断路器的状态,解决不掉不过不影响测试）

/**
 * : 描述信息
 *
 * @author liyy
 * @date 2018-07-28 15:13
 */
@RestController
public class FeignController {
    public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FeignController.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserFeignClient feignClient;

    @GetMapping(value="/feign/{id}")
    public User findOne(@PathVariable Long id){
        System.out.println("id:"+id);
        User u = feignClient.findOne(id);
        HystrixCircuitBreaker breaker = HystrixCircuitBreaker.Factory.getInstance(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey("UserFeignClient#findOne()"));
        logger.info("断路器的状态:{}",breaker);
        return u;
    }
}

四:配置文件

bootstrap.yml

#添加feign对hystrix的支持.默认是false
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
#修改feign客户端的超时时间 500ms
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 2000 #客户端超时时间2000ms
      circuitBreaker:
        requestVolumeThreshold: 3  #请求并发数

application.yml

server:
  port: 8020
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-consumer-movie-feign
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://discovery:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

@GetMapping("/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) throws InterruptedException {
    User user = userRepository.findOne(id);
    Thread.sleep(1000);//延迟1000ms相应
    return user;
}

timeoutInMilliseconds: 2000 #客户端超时时间2000ms

Thread.sleep(1000);//延迟800ms相应

Hystrix默认超时时间为1000ms。

当Thread.sleep(1000);//延迟1000ms。设置超过2000ms.就会触发超时调用fallback函数返回

{"id":1,"username":"zs","age":"-1"}

否则就可以正常调用返回正常结果{"id":1,"username":"tom","age":"12"}

编写JUNIT测试代码：模拟一个mvc请求

package com.itmuch.cloud.microserviceconsumermoviefeign;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class MicroserviceConsumerMovieFeignApplicationTests {


   @Autowired
   private MockMvc mockMvc;

   /*@Before
   public void init(){
      mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();  //初始化MockMvc对象
   }*/

   @Test
   public void test(){
      String responseString = null;   //将相应的数据转换为字符串
      try {
         responseString = mockMvc.perform(
               get("/feign/1")
                     .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)
         ).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
               .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
               .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      System.out.println("--------返回的json = " + responseString);
   }

}