小例子用到三个类,三个类都在同一个包中
package reflect; /** * @Auther: lyf * @Date: 2019-08-08 17:49 * @Description: */ public class User { static { System.out.println("User被加载进来了!"); } static String message = "加载User类"; private String name; private int age; public User() { } public User(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }
package reflect; /** * @Auther: lyf * @Date: 2019-08-08 18:09 * @Description: */ public class Student { static { System.out.println("Student类被加载进来了"); } public static final String a = Integer.valueOf(36).toString(); public static final String b = "没有引起初始化"; public static final Integer c = new Integer(123); //RandomUtils.nextInt(); public static String d = "娃哈哈"; public static int e = 22; }
package reflect; import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder; import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle; import org.junit.Test; import java.lang.annotation.Annotation; import java.lang.reflect.Constructor; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Parameter; import java.util.Arrays; /** * @Auther: lyf * @Date: 2019-08-05 13:29 * @Description: */ public class ReflectionTest { @Test public void test1() { try { //通过反射来获取类型信息 Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("reflect.User"); //无参的构造方法 User user = (User) clazz.newInstance(); user.setName("往事如烟"); user.setAge(22); System.out.println(ReflectionToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(user, ToStringStyle.SIMPLE_STYLE)); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void test2() { try { Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("reflect.User"); //有参数的构造方法 User user = (User) clazz.getConstructor(String.class, int.class).newInstance("往事如烟", 22); System.out.println(ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(user, ToStringStyle.DEFAULT_STYLE)); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void test3() { //所有User对象都是由同一个class类型信息创建的, //所以所有的User对象的getClass方法获取到的都是同一个类型信息 //也就是User.class类型字面常量 Class<User> clazz = User.class;//获取类型的字面常量 System.out.println("-----类型信息还没有加载进来,因为静态代码块都没有被调用----------------"); System.out.println(User.message); System.out.println("---------访问类的static变量可以让类型信息加载进来------------"); try { //.class好像叫做类的类型字面常量,获取到的就是类的类型信息,不会导致类型被加载初始化 //通过类型来创建对象 User user = clazz.getConstructor(String.class, int.class).newInstance("往事如烟", 22); } catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void test4() { //貌似只有当b是常量,并且b是确定值的字符串时才不会引起类型的加载 //其余情况好像都会引起Student类型被加载进并进行实例化 System.out.println(Student.b); } @Test public void test5() { Class<User> clazz = User.class; try { User user = clazz.getConstructor(String.class, int.class).newInstance("往事如烟", 22); System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------"); //获取到user内部的所有方法,不包含父类的方法 Method[] methods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods(); for (Method method : methods) { //因为只能这两个方法是不需要传参数的,所以只拿这两个方法来做简单的试验 if (Arrays.asList("getName", "getAge").contains(method.getName())) { Object obj = method.invoke(user); System.out.println("反射调用方法的返回值:" + obj); } else if ("setName".equals(method.getName())) { Object obj = method.invoke(user, "哈哈"); //当方法的返回值是void的时候,obj的值就是null System.out.println("调用方法无返回值:" + obj); } } } catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void test6() { Class<User> clazz = User.class; try { User user = clazz.getConstructor(String.class, int.class).newInstance("往事如烟", 22); //获取到指定构造器 Constructor<User> constructor = clazz.getConstructor(String.class, int.class); //获取到构造器上的所有参数 Parameter[] parameters = constructor.getParameters(); for (Parameter parameter : parameters) { //获取到每一个参数上面的注解 Annotation[] annotations = parameter.getAnnotations(); if (annotations != null && annotations.length > 0) { //遍历每一个注解,进行相应的注解解析操作 for (Annotation annotation : annotations) { //TODO 里面就是构造方法里面参数注解的相应解析操作 //具体内容就不写了,如果想解析构造器里面的自定义注解的话,就是这个流程 } } } } catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }