使用JSONObject生成和解析json

JSONObject生成

新建一个maven工程,maven引入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>java</groupId>
    <artifactId>java</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.json/json 用于生成json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20180130</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io 用于解析json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>

</project>

新建一个Grade实体

package json;

public class Grade {
    private String object;
    private Integer grade;

    public Grade() {
    }

    public Grade(String object, Integer grade) {
        this.object = object;
        this.grade = grade;
    }

    public String getObject() {
        return object;
    }

    public void setObject(String object) {
        this.object = object;
    }

    public Integer getGrade() {
        return grade;
    }

    public void setGrade(Integer grade) {
        this.grade = grade;
    }
}

新建一个User实体

package json;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private boolean has_car;
    private Object has_girlfriend;
    private String[] major;
    private Grade[] grades;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public boolean isHas_car() {
        return has_car;
    }

    public void setHas_car(boolean has_car) {
        this.has_car = has_car;
    }

    public Object getHas_girlfriend() {
        return has_girlfriend;
    }

    public void setHas_girlfriend(Object has_girlfriend) {
        this.has_girlfriend = has_girlfriend;
    }

    public String[] getMajor() {
        return major;
    }

    public void setMajor(String[] major) {
        this.major = major;
    }

    public Grade[] getGrades() {
        return grades;
    }

    public void setGrades(Grade[] grades) {
        this.grades = grades;
    }
}

代码如下

package json;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class FirstJSON {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //methed1();
        //methed2();
        //methed3();
    }

    //方法一
    //直接构建
    public static void methed1()
    {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();

        try{
            Object nullObj = null;
            jsonObject.put("name","张三");
            jsonObject.put("age",20);
            jsonObject.put("has_car",false);
            jsonObject.put("has_girlfriend",nullObj);
            jsonObject.put("major",new String[]{"C","Java"});
            jsonObject.put("grades",new Grade[]{new Grade("C",80),new Grade("Java",85)});
            System.out.println(jsonObject.toString());
        }catch (Exception e){

        }
    }
    //方法二
    //使用HashMap构建
    //使用HashMap构建json，实际上即先创建好一个HashMap对象并且将数据打包进去，而后在创建JSONObject时将其作为一个参数传进去
    public static void methed2()
    {
        Object nullObj = null;
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("name","张三");
        map.put("age",20);
        map.put("has_car",false);
        map.put("has_girlfriend",nullObj);
        map.put("major",new String[]{"C","Java"});
        map.put("grades",new Grade[]{new Grade("C",80),new Grade("Java",85)});
        System.out.println(new JSONObject(map).toString());
    }
    //方法三
    //使用JavaBean构建
    //相较于前两种方法，实际开发中应用JavaBean构建json的情况更为常见，因为这样代码的重用率更高。
    public static void methed3()
    {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("张三");
        user.setAge(19);
        user.setHas_car(true);
        user.setHas_girlfriend(null);
        user.setMajor(new String[]{"C","Java"});
        user.setGrades(new Grade[]{new Grade("C",80),new Grade("Java",85)});
        System.out.println(new JSONObject(user));
    }
}

运行结果

{"has_car":false,"major":["C","Java"],"name":"张三","grades":[{"grade":80,"object":"C"},{"grade":85,"object":"Java"}],"age":20}

JSONObject解析

首先在工程目录"src/main/java"下创建一个json文件，用于解析。

demo.json

{"has_car":true,
  "major":["C","Java"],
  "name":"张三",
  "grades":[
              {"grade":80,"object":"C"},
              {"grade":85,"object":"Java"}
            ],
  "age":19}

代码：

package json;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class ReadJson {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
    {
        //读取文件
        File file = new File("src/main/java/demo.json");
        String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file);
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(content);
        //对基本类型的解析
        System.out.println("name:"+jsonObject.getString("name"));
        System.out.println("has_car:"+jsonObject.getBoolean("has_car"));
        System.out.println("age:"+jsonObject.getInt("age"));
        //对数组的解析
        JSONArray major = jsonObject.getJSONArray("major");
        System.out.println("major：");
        for (int i = 0; i < major.length(); i++) {
            String s = (String) major.get(i);
            System.out.println(s);
        }


        JSONArray grades = jsonObject.getJSONArray("grades");
       for(int i = 0;i<grades.length();i++)
       {
           //grades.toList().get(i)取出来的是一个HashMap，不能直接强制转换为一个Grade实体
           Map<String,Grade> grade = (HashMap)grades.toList().get(i);
           System.out.println("object:"+grade.get("object"));
           System.out.println("grade:"+grade.get("grade"));
       }

    }
}

运行结果

name:张三
has_car:true
age:19
major：
C
Java
object:C
grade:80
object:Java
grade:85