Ubuntu sudo apt-get update失败的原因

今天使用sudo apt-get install 无法安装软件，错误提示如下：

Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates/main libssl1.0.0 i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7
  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl1.0.0 i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl-dev i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl-doc all 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.0.0_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_i386.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl-dev_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_i386.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl-doc_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_all.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

第一反应，是ubuntu支持过期了，但之前理解是“不再提供软件的官方更新”，但ubuntu 10.10中已发布版本的软件应该可以用吧。这里是我理解错误。

访问：http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/ 查看，已经没有Oneiric Ocelot的支持了。又结合http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu的长期支持版本部分内容，尤其下图：

[隐藏]版本	开发代号	发布日期	最近更新	支持情况		内核版本
				桌面版	服务器版
4.10	Warty Warthog	2004-10-20[32]		2006-04-30		2.6.8
5.04	Hoary Hedgehog	2005-04-08[33]		2006-10-31		2.6.10
5.10	Breezy Badger	2005-10-13[34]		2007-04-13		2.6.12
6.06 LTS	Dapper Drake	2006-06-01[35]	6.06.2发布于2008年1月21日	2009-07-14	2011-06-01	2.6.15
6.10	Edgy Eft	2006-10-26[36]		2008-04-25		2.6.17
7.04	Feisty Fawn	2007-04-19[37]		2008-10-19		2.6.20
7.10	Gutsy Gibbon	2007-10-18[38][39]		2009-04-18		2.6.22
8.04 LTS	Hardy Heron	2008-04-24[40][41]	8.04.4发布于2010年1月29日	2011-05-12	2013-05-09	2.6.24
8.10	Intrepid Ibex	2008-10-30[42]		2010-04-30		2.6.27
9.04	Jaunty Jackalope	2009-04-23		2010-10-23		2.6.28
9.10	Karmic Koala	2009-10-29		2011-04-30		2.6.31
10.04 LTS	Lucid Lynx	2010-04-29[43]	10.04.4发布于2012年2月16日	2013-05-09	2015-04	2.6.32
10.10	Maverick Meerkat	2010-10-10		2012-04-10		2.6.35
11.04	Natty Narwhal	2011-04-28		2012-10-28		2.6.38
11.10	Oneiric Ocelot	2011-10-13[44]		2013-05-09		3.0
12.04 LTS	Precise Pangolin	2012-04-26	12.04.5发布于2014年8月8日	2017-04		3.2
12.10	Quantal Quetzal	2012-10-18		2014-05-16[45] [46]		3.5
13.04	Raring Ringtail	2013-04-25		2014-01-27[47] [48]		3.8
13.10	Saucy Salamander	2013-10-17		2014-07-17[49]		3.11
14.04 LTS	Trusty Tahr	2014-04-17	14.04.1发布于2014年7月25日	2019-04		3.13
14.10	Utopic Unicorn	2014-10-23		2015-07		3.16
15.04	Vivid Vervet	2015年4月(预定)		2016-01(预定)		未定
颜色		代表
红色		已停止发布版本更新
绿色		目前还继续支持更新
蓝色		计划支持截止时间

确定问题所在，解决方法：

1. 升级新版本。困难，折腾，赞未考虑。

2. 使用旧版本更新源，但目前已经没有了maverick相应支持软件目录，无法下载软件。［old-release解决方案］有效解决此问题，但尝试了下，国外的服务器速度太慢，几乎无法忍受。

http://www.cnblogs.com/linuxcat/archive/2012/12/29/2839216.html

修改一下/etc/apt/sources.list这个文件

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates universe
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates multiverse
 
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
#remastersys for backup installed system
deb http://www.remastersys.com/ubuntu maverick main

再执行sudo apt-get update后即可.

3. 考虑ubuntu 10.04是LTS版本，且于10.10差距不大，可否使用10.04的源更新安装软件。

测试使用10.04 lucid的更新源，软件安装成功，暂时使用此方案。

 

对Linux更新支持方案理解尚未深入，同时选择系统版本安装时需考虑长期更新版本，后续升级问题。下一步考虑升级到14.10了。