【剑指offer】面试题11：数值的整数次方

首先，我们分析下可能出现的情况：指数可能为负值，我们先求指数的绝对值次方，然后求导。->求导，那就要考虑分母不为0的情况了。

bool g_InvalidInput = false;

double Power(double base, int exponent)
{
    g_InvalidInput = false;

    if (equal(base, 0.0) && exponent < 0)
    {
        g_InvalidInput = true;
        return 0.0;
    }
    unsigned int absExponent = (unsigned int)(exponent);
    if (exponent < 0)
    {
        absExponent = (unsigned int)(-exponent);
    }

    double result = PowerWithUnsignedExponent(base, absExponent);
    if (exponent < 0)
    {
        result = 1.0 / result;
    }

    return result;

}

double PowerWithUnsignedExponent(double base, unsigned absExponent)
{
    double result = 1.0;

    for (int i = 0; i < absExponent; ++i)
    {
        result *= base;
    }
    return result;

}

bool equal(double num1, double num2)
{
    if ((num1-num2<0.000001) && (num1-num2>-0.000001))
    {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

第二种方法：
a^n
当n为偶数时，a^n=a^(n/2);
当n为奇数时，a^n=a^((n-1)/2)*a^((n-1)/2)*a;

double PowerWithUnsignedExponent(double base, unsigned absExponent)
{
    if (absExponent == 0)
    {
        return 1;
    }
    if (absExponent == 1)
    {
        return base;
    }

    double result = PowerWithUnsignedExponent(base, absExponent >> 1);

    result *= result;

    if (absExponent & 0x1)
    {
        result *= base;
    }
    return result;

}