Redis学习【七】数据持久化

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 16:01:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 16:01:49 发布

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本文深入探讨了Redis的两种数据持久化方式：RDB和AOF。RDB通过快照方式实现数据持久化，适用于数据恢复场景；AOF则记录每一次写操作，提供更高的数据安全性。文章详细解释了两者的配置、工作原理及优缺点。

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Redis数据持久化两种方式。RDB与AOF。

1、RDB

RDB是通过快照方式进程持久化的。满足特定的条件拿下，会将内存中的数据快照到硬盘上。RDB进行快照的条件如下

1.1、redis.conf文件配置（windows文件的是redis.windows-service.conf）

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  ################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
#   save <seconds> <changes>
#
#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
#
#   Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
#
#   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
#   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
#   like in the following example:
#
#   save ""    设置为空是不开RDB

save 900 1        900秒内，有一个key更改就触发快照
save 300 10       300秒内，有10个key更改就触发快照
save 60 10000     60秒内有10000个key更改。触发快照

# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb     RDB快照保存在磁盘的文件名

# The working directory.
#
# The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
# above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
#
# The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
#
# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
dir ./                  保存的路径

如下是在windows系统上运行的Redis serve端的信息

可以看出在3600秒进行了一次save动作

1.2、执行save bgsave

1.3、还行flushall

2、AOF

AOF是将每一条redis命令都写入到磁盘中

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
# good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
# a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
# the configured save points).
#
# The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
# much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
# (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
# dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
# wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
# still running correctly.
#
# AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
# If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
# with the better durability guarantees.
#
# Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.

appendonly no       AOF持久化开关

# The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"       文件名

# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
#
# The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between
# speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
# "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
# or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
# everysec.
#
# More details please check the following article:
# http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
#
# If unsure, use "everysec".

# appendfsync always           每个命令都执行同步
appendfsync everysec           每秒同步
# appendfsync no               不同步

aof文件的内容