Android笔记--Room

        Room是Google Jetpack家族的一员，Room在SQLite上提供了一个抽象层，以便在充分利用SQLite的强大功能的同时，能够流畅地访问数据库。使用起来也比较方便；

                                   

它有如下优势:

1 针对 SQL 查询的编译时验证。
2 可最大限度减少重复和容易出错的样板代码的方便注解。
3 简化了数据库迁移路径

基本组件

Database: 访问底层数据库的入口,数据库持有者;
Entity: 代表数据库中的表（table），一般用注解;
Data Access Object (DAO): 数据库访问者,其中定义了数据库的增删改查 函数 ;

栗子:

  def room_version = "2.2.5"
    api "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version"
    testImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version"
    annotationProcessor "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:1.1.1"

import androidx.room.Entity;
import androidx.room.PrimaryKey;
@Entity(tableName = "User")
public class User {

    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
    public int uid;
    public String firstName;
    public String lastName;

    public int getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(int uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
}

import java.util.List;
import androidx.room.Dao;
import androidx.room.Delete;
import androidx.room.Insert;
import androidx.room.Query;

@Dao
public interface UserDao {
    @Query("SELECT * FROM User")
    List<User> getAll();

    @Query("SELECT * FROM User WHERE uid IN (:userIds)")
    List<User> loadAllByIds(int[] userIds);

    @Query("SELECT * FROM User WHERE firstName LIKE :firstName AND "+"lastName LIKE :lastName LIMIT 1")
    User findByName(String firstName,String lastName);

    @Insert
    void insertAll(User... users);

    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
    void insert(User user);

    @Delete
    void delete(User user);

    @Query("update User set lastName = :lastName where firstName = :firstName")
    void updateUserLastName(String firstName,String lastName);
}

import java.io.File;

import androidx.room.Database;
import androidx.room.Room;
import androidx.room.RoomDatabase;

@Database(entities = {User.class},version = 1)
public abstract class AppDatabase extends RoomDatabase {
    private volatile static AppDatabase dataBase;
    public static Context mContext;
    public static String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/User/";
    public static final String DATABASE = path + "User.db";

    public static void setContext(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
    }

    public static AppDatabase getDataBase() {
        synchronized (AppDatabase.class) {
            File file = new File(path);
            if (!file.isDirectory() || !file.exists()) {
                file.mkdirs();
            }
            if (dataBase == null) {
                dataBase =
                        Room.databaseBuilder(mContext, AppDatabase.class, DATABASE)
                                .allowMainThreadQueries()
                                .fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
                                .fallbackToDestructiveMigrationOnDowngrade()
                                .setJournalMode(JournalMode.TRUNCATE)
                                .build();
            }
        }
        return dataBase;
    }
    public static void resetDB() {
        dataBase = null;
    }
    public abstract UserDao userDao();
}

onConflict设置当事务中遇到冲突时的策略:

onConflict设置当事务中遇到冲突时的策略
OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE : 替换旧值，继续当前事务
OnConflictStrategy.ROLLBACK : 回滚当前事务
OnConflictStrategy.ABORT : 结束当前事务、回滚
OnConflictStrategy.FAIL : 当前事务失败、回滚
OnConflictStrategy.NONE : 忽略冲突，继续当前事务