在Android上使用ZXing识别条码/二维码

越来越多的手机具备自动对焦的拍摄功能，这也意味着这些手机可以具备条码扫描的功能.......手机具备条码扫描的功能，可以优化购物流程，快速存储电子名片(二维码)等。

      本文使用ZXing 1.6实现条码/二维码识别。ZXing是个很经典的条码/二维码识别的开源类库，long long ago，就有开发者在J2ME上使用ZXing了，不过要支持JSR-234规范(自动对焦)的手机才能发挥其威力，而目前已经有不少Android手机具备自动对焦的功能。

本文代码运行的结果如下，使用91手机助手截图时，无法截取SurfaceView的实时图像：

本文使用了ZXing1.6的core，即把/zxing-1.6/core/下的src复制覆盖工程的src；另外还要使用到/zxing-1.6/android/下的PlanarYUVLuminanceSource.java。 

PS：/zxing-1.6/android/ 是BarcodeScanner的源码，本文程序相当于BarcodeScanner的精简版，只保留最基本的识别功能。

本文源码工程的下载地址如下：http://www.pudn.com/downloads349/sourcecode/comm/android/detail1521939.html

源码目录结果如下图，ChecksumException.java下面还有很多源文件，截图尚未列出：

本文例子必须要开摄像头和自动对焦的权限，不然启动时会报异常，所用的权限如下：

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1. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"></uses-permission>  
2. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>  
3. <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />  
4. <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />  

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"></uses-permission> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />

main.xml源码如下，main.xml必须要用到FrameLayout才能重叠控件实现“范围框”的效果：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/FrameLayout01"  
3.     android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
4.     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
5.     <SurfaceView android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
6.         android:id="@+id/sfvCamera" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></SurfaceView>  
7.     <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout01"  
8.         android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent">  
9.         <ImageView android:id="@+id/ImageView01"  
10.             android:layout_height="100dip" android:layout_width="160dip"></ImageView>  
11.         <View android:layout_centerVertical="true"  
12.             android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_width="300dip"  
13.             android:background="#55FF6666" android:id="@+id/centerView"  
14.             android:layout_height="180dip"></View>  
15.         <TextView android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"  
16.             android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@+id/centerView"  
17.             android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Scanning..."  
18.             android:id="@+id/txtScanResult" android:textColor="#FF000000"></TextView>  
19.     </RelativeLayout>  
20. </FrameLayout>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/FrameLayout01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <SurfaceView android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/sfvCamera" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></SurfaceView> <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout01" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/ImageView01" android:layout_height="100dip" android:layout_width="160dip"></ImageView> <View android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_width="300dip" android:background="#55FF6666" android:id="@+id/centerView" android:layout_height="180dip"></View> <TextView android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@+id/centerView" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Scanning..." android:id="@+id/txtScanResult" android:textColor="#FF000000"></TextView> </RelativeLayout> </FrameLayout>

testCamera.java是主类，负责控制Camera和对图像做解码，源码如下：

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1. package com.testCamera;  
2. import java.util.Timer;  
3. import java.util.TimerTask;  
4. import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;  
5. import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;  
6. import com.google.zxing.Result;  
7. import com.google.zxing.Android.PlanarYUVLuminanceSource;  
8. import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;  
9. import android.app.Activity;  
10. import android.graphics.Bitmap;  
11. import android.hardware.Camera;  
12. import android.os.Bundle;  
13. import android.view.SurfaceView;  
14. import android.view.View;  
15. import android.widget.ImageView;  
16. import android.widget.TextView;  
17. public class testCamera extends Activity {  
18.     /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
19.     private SurfaceView sfvCamera;  
20.     private SFHCamera sfhCamera;  
21.     private ImageView imgView;  
22.     private View centerView;  
23.     private TextView txtScanResult;  
24.     private Timer mTimer;  
25.     private MyTimerTask mTimerTask;  
26.     // 按照标准HVGA   
27.     final static int width = 480;  
28.     final static int height = 320;  
29.     int dstLeft, dstTop, dstWidth, dstHeight;  
30.     @Override  
31.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
32.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
33.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
34.         this.setTitle("Android条码/二维码识别Demo-----hellogv");  
35.         imgView = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.ImageView01);  
36.         centerView = (View) this.findViewById(R.id.centerView);  
37.         sfvCamera = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.sfvCamera);  
38.         sfhCamera = new SFHCamera(sfvCamera.getHolder(), width, height,  
39.                 previewCallback);  
40.         txtScanResult=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txtScanResult);  
41.         // 初始化定时器   
42.         mTimer = new Timer();  
43.         mTimerTask = new MyTimerTask();  
44.         mTimer.schedule(mTimerTask, 0, 80);  
45.     }  
46.       
47.     class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask {  
48.         @Override  
49.         public void run() {  
50.             if (dstLeft == 0) {//只赋值一次   
51.                 dstLeft = centerView.getLeft() * width  
52.                         / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();  
53.                 dstTop = centerView.getTop() * height  
54.                         / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();  
55.                 dstWidth = (centerView.getRight() - centerView.getLeft())* width  
56.                         / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();  
57.                 dstHeight = (centerView.getBottom() - centerView.getTop())* height  
58.                         / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();  
59.             }  
60.             sfhCamera.AutoFocusAndPreviewCallback();  
61.         }  
62.     }  
63.     /** 
64.      *  自动对焦后输出图片 
65.      */  
66.     private Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback = new Camera.PreviewCallback() {  
67.         @Override  
68.         public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera arg1) {  
69.             //取得指定范围的帧的数据   
70.             PlanarYUVLuminanceSource source = new PlanarYUVLuminanceSource(  
71.                     data, width, height, dstLeft, dstTop, dstWidth, dstHeight);  
72.             //取得灰度图   
73.             Bitmap mBitmap = source.renderCroppedGreyscaleBitmap();  
74.             //显示灰度图   
75.             imgView.setImageBitmap(mBitmap);  
76.             BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));  
77.             MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();  
78.             try {  
79.                 Result result = reader.decode(bitmap);  
80.                 String strResult = "BarcodeFormat:"  
81.                         + result.getBarcodeFormat().toString() + "  text:"  
82.                         + result.getText();  
83.                 txtScanResult.setText(strResult);  
84.             } catch (Exception e) {  
85.                 txtScanResult.setText("Scanning");  
86.             }  
87.         }  
88.     };  
89. }  

package com.testCamera; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap; import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader; import com.google.zxing.Result; import com.google.zxing.Android.PlanarYUVLuminanceSource; import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.hardware.Camera; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.SurfaceView; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; public class testCamera extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private SurfaceView sfvCamera; private SFHCamera sfhCamera; private ImageView imgView; private View centerView; private TextView txtScanResult; private Timer mTimer; private MyTimerTask mTimerTask; // 按照标准HVGA final static int width = 480; final static int height = 320; int dstLeft, dstTop, dstWidth, dstHeight; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); this.setTitle("Android条码/二维码识别Demo-----hellogv"); imgView = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.ImageView01); centerView = (View) this.findViewById(R.id.centerView); sfvCamera = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.sfvCamera); sfhCamera = new SFHCamera(sfvCamera.getHolder(), width, height, previewCallback); txtScanResult=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txtScanResult); // 初始化定时器 mTimer = new Timer(); mTimerTask = new MyTimerTask(); mTimer.schedule(mTimerTask, 0, 80); } class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask { @Override public void run() { if (dstLeft == 0) {//只赋值一次 dstLeft = centerView.getLeft() * width / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(); dstTop = centerView.getTop() * height / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight(); dstWidth = (centerView.getRight() - centerView.getLeft())* width / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(); dstHeight = (centerView.getBottom() - centerView.getTop())* height / getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight(); } sfhCamera.AutoFocusAndPreviewCallback(); } } /** * 自动对焦后输出图片 */ private Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback = new Camera.PreviewCallback() { @Override public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera arg1) { //取得指定范围的帧的数据 PlanarYUVLuminanceSource source = new PlanarYUVLuminanceSource( data, width, height, dstLeft, dstTop, dstWidth, dstHeight); //取得灰度图 Bitmap mBitmap = source.renderCroppedGreyscaleBitmap(); //显示灰度图 imgView.setImageBitmap(mBitmap); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader(); try { Result result = reader.decode(bitmap); String strResult = "BarcodeFormat:" + result.getBarcodeFormat().toString() + " text:" + result.getText(); txtScanResult.setText(strResult); } catch (Exception e) { txtScanResult.setText("Scanning"); } } }; }

SFHCamera.java是Camera控制类，源码如下：

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1. package com.testCamera;  
2. import java.io.IOException;  
3. import android.graphics.PixelFormat;  
4. import android.hardware.Camera;  
5. import android.util.Log;  
6. import android.view.SurfaceHolder;  
7. public class SFHCamera implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{  
8.     private SurfaceHolder holder = null;  
9.     private Camera mCamera;  
10.     private int width,height;  
11.     private Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback;  
12.       
13.     public SFHCamera(SurfaceHolder holder,int w,int h,Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback) {  
14.         this.holder = holder;    
15.         this.holder.addCallback(this);    
16.         this.holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);  
17.         width=w;  
18.         height=h;  
19.         this.previewCallback=previewCallback;  
20.     }  
21.       
22.     @Override  
23.     public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) {  
24.         Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();    
25.         parameters.setPreviewSize(width, height);//设置尺寸     
26.         parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);  
27.         mCamera.setParameters(parameters);    
28.         mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览   
29.         Log.e("Camera","surfaceChanged");  
30.     }  
31.     @Override  
32.     public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder arg0) {  
33.         mCamera = Camera.open();//启动服务     
34.         try {    
35.             mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//设置预览    
36.             Log.e("Camera","surfaceCreated");  
37.         } catch (IOException e) {    
38.             mCamera.release();//释放     
39.             mCamera = null;    
40.         }  
41.           
42.     }  
43.     @Override  
44.     public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder arg0) {  
45.         mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);  
46.         mCamera.stopPreview();//停止预览     
47.         mCamera = null;  
48.         Log.e("Camera","surfaceDestroyed");  
49.     }  
50.     /** 
51.      * 自动对焦并回调Camera.PreviewCallback 
52.      */  
53.     public void AutoFocusAndPreviewCallback()  
54.     {  
55.         if(mCamera!=null)  
56.             mCamera.autoFocus(mAutoFocusCallBack);  
57.     }  
58.       
59.     /** 
60.      * 自动对焦 
61.      */  
62.     private Camera.AutoFocusCallback mAutoFocusCallBack = new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {    
63.             
64.         @Override    
65.         public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {        
66.             if (success) {  //对焦成功，回调Camera.PreviewCallback   
67.                 mCamera.setOneShotPreviewCallback(previewCallback);   
68.             }    
69.         }    
70.     };  
71.       
72.   
73. }  

package com.testCamera; import java.io.IOException; import android.graphics.PixelFormat; import android.hardware.Camera; import android.util.Log; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; public class SFHCamera implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{ private SurfaceHolder holder = null; private Camera mCamera; private int width,height; private Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback; public SFHCamera(SurfaceHolder holder,int w,int h,Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback) { this.holder = holder; this.holder.addCallback(this); this.holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); width=w; height=h; this.previewCallback=previewCallback; } @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) { Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters(); parameters.setPreviewSize(width, height);//设置尺寸 parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG); mCamera.setParameters(parameters); mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览 Log.e("Camera","surfaceChanged"); } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder arg0) { mCamera = Camera.open();//启动服务 try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//设置预览 Log.e("Camera","surfaceCreated"); } catch (IOException e) { mCamera.release();//释放 mCamera = null; } } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder arg0) { mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); mCamera.stopPreview();//停止预览 mCamera = null; Log.e("Camera","surfaceDestroyed"); } /** * 自动对焦并回调Camera.PreviewCallback */ public void AutoFocusAndPreviewCallback() { if(mCamera!=null) mCamera.autoFocus(mAutoFocusCallBack); } /** * 自动对焦 */ private Camera.AutoFocusCallback mAutoFocusCallBack = new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() { @Override public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) { if (success) { //对焦成功，回调Camera.PreviewCallback mCamera.setOneShotPreviewCallback(previewCallback); } } }; }

其中testCamera.java的Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback 是整个程序的逻辑核心，作为回调函数给SFHCamera.java的内部Camera类调用。