通过REST API修改JUNOS的配置

JUNOS的官网上关于API的介绍,无论是GET还是POST,所举的例子都是get-xxx-information这样的operation,而没有添加/删除配置的知道。幸亏CTF群中大佬指点,终于操作成功,特记录如下。

准备

  • vMX的管理接口的IP为192.168.122.102
  • 假设已经添加了用户netops(密码Test123),拥有相关权限
  • 另外主机192.168.122.1可以和vMX直接通信
  • 手动给lo0配置IP地址,并提交配置

[edit]
root@vMX-2# set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 2.2.2.2/32

[edit]
root@vMX-2# commit 
commit complete

[edit]
root@vMX-2# 
  • 获取相关配置的xml rpc
root@vMX-2> show configuration interfaces lo0 | display xml 
<rpc-reply xmlns:junos="http://xml.juniper.net/junos/18.2R2/junos">
    <configuration junos:commit-seconds="1587546403" junos:commit-localtime="2020-04-22 09:06:43 UTC" junos:commit-user="root">
            <interfaces>
                <interface>
                    <name>lo0</name>
                    <unit>
                        <name>0</name>
                        <family>
                            <inet>
                                <address>
                                    <name>2.2.2.2/32</name>
                                </address>
                            </inet>
                        </family>
                    </unit>
                </interface>
            </interfaces>
    </configuration>
    <cli>
        <banner></banner>
    </cli>
</rpc-reply>
                                        
root@vMX-2> 
  • 提取出<configuration></configuration>以及之间的部分,后续作为rpc的Request body
<load-configuration format="xml"> 
    <configuration>
            <interfaces>
                <interface>
                    <name>lo0</name>
                    <unit>
                        <name>0</name>
                        <family>
                            <inet>
                                <address>
                                    <name>2.2.2.2/32</name>
                                </address>
                            </inet>
                        </family>
                    </unit>
                </interface>
            </interfaces>
    </configuration>
</load-configuration> 
  • 将l0的IP地址删除掉并提交
[edit]
root@vMX-2# delete interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 2.2.2.2/32

[edit]
root@vMX-2# commit 
commit complete
  • 使能JUNOS API Explorer(http)
set system services rest http addresses 192.168.122.102
set system services rest control allowed-sources 192.168.122.1
set system services rest enable-explorer

通过REST API下发配置

  • 在192.168.122.1打开下面的网址 http://192.168.122.102:3000/
    • HTTP Method设置为POST
    • Input data type设置为xml
    • username/password:netops/Test123
    • Request body填入之前提取的config内容
    • 点击submit
  • 查看web上的结果
    • Request Header
    • cURL request(可以直接复制后在Linux bash上执行)
    • 右侧的Response Headers和Response body(没有报错)

  • 检查vMX上的配置
[edit]
root@vMX-2# show | display set | match lo0      
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 2.2.2.2/32

[edit]
root@vMX-2# 
[edit]
root@vMX-2# show | compare rollback 2    
[edit interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet]
+       address 2.2.2.2/32;

[edit]
root@vMX-2# 
  • 至此通过REST API添加配置成功
  • 怎么能没有python-request的实现脚本呢
# cat post_demo.py 
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
import json


class juniperRestApi:
    def __init__(self, devip, devport, user, password):
        self.devip = devip
        self.devport = devport
        self.user = user
        self.password = password

    def getRestapi(self, rpc):
        headers = { 'Accept' : 'application/json' }
        url = "http://{}:{}/rpc/{}".format(self.devip, self.devport, rpc)
        r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=(self.user, self.password))
        jsonresult = json.loads(r.text)
        return jsonresult
    def configRestapi(self, configlet):
        headers = { 'content-type' : 'application/xml' }
        url = "http://{}:{}/rpc".format(self.devip, self.devport)
        q = requests.post(url, headers=headers, auth=(self.user, self.password), data=configlet)
        return q.status_code

client = juniperRestApi('192.168.122.102', '3000', 'netops', 'Test123')
rpc = \
"""
<load-configuration format="xml"> 
    <configuration>
            <interfaces>
                <interface>
                    <name>lo0</name>
                    <unit>
                        <name>0</name>
                        <family>
                            <inet>
                                <address>
                                    <name>2.2.2.2/32</name>
                                </address>
                            </inet>
                        </family>
                    </unit>
                </interface>
            </interfaces>
    </configuration>
</load-configuration>
"""
print(client.configRestapi(rpc))

通过REST API下发删除配置

  • 对Explorer中的Requst body进行一点修改
-                                <address>
+                                <address delete=" delete">
  • 重新点击submit

  • 查看vMX上的配置

[edit]
root@vMX-2# show | display set | match lo0    
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet

root@vMX-2# show | compare rollback 1    
[edit interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet]
-       address 2.2.2.2/32;
  • 注意,这里只是删除了l0的IP地址,并没有删除这个接口

修改配置

  • 对于hostname这样唯一性的值,重新POST赋值就是修改配置
  • 其它情况可以分解成:删除/添加,这两步执行

其它

  • JUNOS真的是太强了
    • 各种形式的输出
# Plain Text
root@vMX-2> show arp 
MAC Address       Address         Name                      Interface               Flags
52:54:00:4c:cc:57 192.168.122.1   192.168.122.1             vtnet2.0                none
00:50:00:00:04:00 192.168.122.177 192.168.122.177           vtnet2.0                none
Total entries: 2

root@vMX-2> 

#XML格式
root@vMX-2> show arp | display xml 
<rpc-reply xmlns:junos="http://xml.juniper.net/junos/18.2R2/junos">
    <arp-table-information xmlns="http://xml.juniper.net/junos/18.2R2/junos-arp" junos:style="normal">
        <arp-table-entry>
            <mac-address>52:54:00:4c:cc:57</mac-address>
            <ip-address>192.168.122.1</ip-address>
            <hostname>192.168.122.1</hostname>
            <interface-name>vtnet2.0</interface-name>
            <arp-table-entry-flags>
                <none/>
            </arp-table-entry-flags>
        </arp-table-entry>
        <arp-table-entry>
            <mac-address>00:50:00:00:04:00</mac-address>
            <ip-address>192.168.122.177</ip-address>
            <hostname>192.168.122.177</hostname>
            <interface-name>vtnet2.0</interface-name>
            <arp-table-entry-flags>
                <none/>
            </arp-table-entry-flags>
        </arp-table-entry>
        <arp-entry-count>2</arp-entry-count>
    </arp-table-information>
    <cli>                               
        <banner></banner>
    </cli>
</rpc-reply>

# JSON
root@vMX-2> show arp | display json      
{
    "arp-table-information" : [
    {
        "attributes" : {"xmlns" : "http://xml.juniper.net/junos/18.2R2/junos-arp", 
                        "junos:style" : "normal"
                       }, 
        "arp-table-entry" : [
        {
            "mac-address" : [
            {
                "data" : "52:54:00:4c:cc:57"
            }
            ], 
            "ip-address" : [
            {
                "data" : "192.168.122.1"
            }
            ], 
            "hostname" : [
            {
                "data" : "192.168.122.1"
            }
            ],                          
            "interface-name" : [
            {
                "data" : "vtnet2.0"
            }
            ], 
            "arp-table-entry-flags" : [
            {
                "none" : [
                {
                    "data" : [null]
                }
                ]
            }
            ]
        }, 
        {
            "mac-address" : [
            {
                "data" : "00:50:00:00:04:00"
            }
            ], 
            "ip-address" : [
            {                           
                "data" : "192.168.122.177"
            }
            ], 
            "hostname" : [
            {
                "data" : "192.168.122.177"
            }
            ], 
            "interface-name" : [
            {
                "data" : "vtnet2.0"
            }
            ], 
            "arp-table-entry-flags" : [
            {
                "none" : [
                {
                    "data" : [null]
                }
                ]
            }
            ]
        }                               
        ], 
        "arp-entry-count" : [
        {
            "data" : "2"
        }
        ]
    }
    ]
}

  • 轻松输出rpc body
root@vMX-2> show version | display xml rpc 
<rpc-reply xmlns:junos="http://xml.juniper.net/junos/18.2R2/junos">
    <rpc>
        <get-software-information>
        </get-software-information>
    </rpc>
    <cli>
        <banner></banner>
    </cli>
</rpc-reply>

root@vMX-2> 
  • Explorer方便输出cURL命令
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