/*
* 2018年3月22日10:49:46
* 代码目的:
* final 修饰符修饰数据成员的作用。
* Java 惯例,即是static又是final的域要用全大写表示
* final 基本对象时,相当于常量。
* 而final对象引用时,final使引用恒定不变。一旦引用初始化指向了一个对象
* 就无法使引用指向另一个对象。这一限制同样适用于数组。
* 虽然引用无法改变,但对象引用所指向的内容可以改变。注意这种
* 情况
* 注:代码中的VAL_3, 因为是static,因此只加载一次,并且初试化一次。
*
*
* */
//: reusing/FinalData.java
// The effect of final on fields.
import java.util.*;
import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
class Value {
int i; // Package access
public Value(int i) { this.i = i; }
}
public class FinalData {
private static Random rand = new Random(47);
private String id;
public FinalData(String id) { this.id = id; }
// Can be compile-time constants:
private final int valueOne = 9;
private static final int VALUE_TWO = 99;
// Typical public constant:
public static final int VALUE_THREE = 39;
// Cannot be compile-time constants:
private final int i4 = rand.nextInt(20);
static final int INT_5 = rand.nextInt(20);
private Value v1 = new Value(11);
private final Value v2 = new Value(22);
private static final Value VAL_3 = new Value(33);
// Arrays:
private final int[] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
public String toString() {
return id + ": " + "i4 = " + i4 + ", INT_5 = " + INT_5;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
FinalData fd1 = new FinalData("fd1");
//! fd1.valueOne++; // Error: can't change value
fd1.v2.i++; // Object isn't constant!
fd1.v1 = new Value(9); // OK -- not final
for(int i = 0; i < fd1.a.length; i++)
fd1.a[i]++; // Object isn't constant!
//! fd1.v2 = new Value(0); // Error: Can't
//! fd1.VAL_3 = new Value(1); // change reference
//! fd1.a = new int[3];
print(fd1);
print("Creating new FinalData");
FinalData fd2 = new FinalData("fd2");
print(fd1);
print(fd2);
}
} /* Output:
fd1: i4 = 15, INT_5 = 18
Creating new FinalData
fd1: i4 = 15, INT_5 = 18
fd2: i4 = 13, INT_5 = 18
*///:~