自己实现一个ImageLoader

　　一般来说，一个优秀的ImageLoader应该具备：图片的同步加载，图片的异步加载，图片压缩，内存缓存，硬盘缓存，网络拉取等功能．
　　那么，我们现在就开始来一一实现这几种功能！

图片压缩

图片压缩主要通过BitmapFactory.Options来实现，步骤：
１．将BimapFactory.Options的inJustDecodeBounds参数设置为true并加载图片（只是解析图片）
２．从BimapFactory.Options中取出图片的原始宽高信息，对应于onWidth和onHeight
３．根据采样率的规则并结合目标View的所需大小计算出采样率inSampleSize
４．将BimapFactory.Options的inJustDecodeBounds设置为false，然后重新加载．

package com.yixingu.myphotowall.myInageLoader;

import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;

/**
 * Created by likaisong on 17-4-1.
 * 图片压缩
 */

public class ImageResizer {
   
    private static final String TAG = "ImageResizer";

    public ImageResizer(){}

    //压缩从资源文件中加载进来的图片
    public static Bitmap decodeSampleFromResource(Resources res, int resId, int reqWidth, int reqHeight){
        final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        //将inJustDecodeBounds设置为true
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        //解析图片信息
        BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res,resId,options);
        //计算采样率
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options,reqWidth,reqHeight);
        //将inJustDecodeBounds设置为false,加载图片
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res,resId,options);
    }

    //压缩从文件描述符中加载进来的图片
    public static Bitmap decodeSampleFromFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd, int reqWidth, int reqHeight){
        final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        //将inJustDecodeBounds设置为true
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        //解析图片信息
        BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd,null,options);
        //计算采样率
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options,reqWidth,reqHeight);
        //将inJustDecodeBounds设置为false,加载图片
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd,null,options);
    }
    //计算inSampleSize
    public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,int reqWidth,int reqHeight){
        final int height = options.outHeight;
        final int width = options.outWidth;
        int inSampleSize = 1;
        if(height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth){
            final int halfHeight = height/2;
            final int halfWidth = width/2;
            while((halfHeight/inSampleSize) >= reqHeight && (halfWidth/inSampleSize) >= reqWidth){
                inSampleSize *= 2;
            }
        }
        return inSampleSize;
    }
}

内存缓存和硬盘缓存的实现

主要是通过LruCache和DiskLruCache来实现

//内存添加缓存对象，主要通过put
    private void addBitmaptoMemoryCache(String key , Bitmap bitmap){
        if(getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null){
            mMemoryCache.put(key,bitmap);
        }
    }

//获取主存缓存对象,主要通过get
    private Bitmap getBitmapFromMemCache(String key) {
        return mMemoryCache.get(key);
    }

    //磁盘添加缓存对象,先将url转换为key,
    // 然后获取Editor对象，
    // 根据Editor对象获取文件输出流，
    // 最后将文件输出流写入文件系统中时检查该文件是否存在
    private Bitmap loadBitmapFromHttp(String url, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) throws IOException {
        if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("can not visit network from UI Thread.");
        }
        if (mDiskLruCache == null) {
            return null;
        }

        String key = hashKeyFormUrl(url);
        DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key);
        if(editor != null){
            OutputStream out = editor.newOutputStream(DISK_CACHE_SIZE);
            if(downloadUrlToStream(url,out)){
                editor.commit();
            }else{
                editor.abort();
            }
            mDiskLruCache.flush();
        }
        return loadBitmaptoDiskCache(url,reqWidth,reqHeight);
    }
//读