在libevent程序中我理解了select是如何触发Write操作的?

1. 服务器

 当有新连接来的时候,通过在select上轮循写的fd(文件描述符)发送一句欢迎词。然后每次受到客户端的数据后,把接受到的数据返回给客户端。演示了在select上轮循写的操作。

对于监视读操作,只有当数据来的时候,读操作的fd才会返回.而对于写的操作fd,则是轮询。

/* the example is writed by minrongf,date: 20090214 #filename: selectsvr.c * */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/time.h> typedef int SOCKET; #define MAXBUFSIZE 1024 #define NLISTEN 1024 #define isvalidsock(s) ( ( s ) > 0 ) void set_address( char *hname, char *sname,struct sockaddr_in *sap, char *protocol ) { struct servent *sp; struct hostent *hp; char *endptr; short port; bzero( sap, sizeof( *sap ) ); sap->sin_family = AF_INET; if ( hname != NULL ) { if ( !inet_aton( hname, &sap->sin_addr ) ) { hp = gethostbyname( hname ); if ( hp == NULL ) error( 1, 0, "unknown host: %s/n", hname ); sap->sin_addr = *( struct in_addr * )hp->h_addr; } } else sap->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl( INADDR_ANY ); port = strtol( sname, &endptr, 0 ); if ( *endptr == '/0' ) sap->sin_port = htons( port ); else { sp = getservbyname( sname, protocol ); if ( sp == NULL ) error( 1, 0, "unknown service: %s/n", sname ); sap->sin_port = sp->s_port; } } SOCKET tcp_server( char *hname, char *sname ) { struct sockaddr_in local; SOCKET s; const int on = 1; set_address( hname, sname, &local, "tcp" ); s = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ); if ( !isvalidsock( s ) ) error( 1, errno, "socket call failed" ); if ( setsockopt( s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, ( char * )&on, sizeof( on ) ) ) error( 1, errno, "setsockopt failed" ); if ( bind( s, ( struct sockaddr * ) &local, sizeof( local ) ) ) error( 1, errno, "bind failed" ); if ( listen( s, NLISTEN ) ) error( 1, errno, "listen failed" ); return s; } int main(int argc,char**argv) { int i,maxi,maxfd,listenfd,connfd,sockfd; int nready,client[FD_SETSIZE]; fd_set rset,alllset,wset,wsetsave; char buf[MAXBUFSIZE]; socklen_t clilen; struct sockaddr_in servaddr,cliaddr; int rval; struct timeval to; int n = 0; listenfd = tcp_server(NULL,"5000"); FD_ZERO(&alllset); FD_ZERO(&wsetsave); FD_SET(listenfd,&alllset); maxfd = listenfd; for(i = 0; i < FD_SETSIZE;i++) client[i] = -1; maxi = -1; while(1) { FD_ZERO(&rset); rset = alllset; wset = wsetsave; printf("server waiting...,maxfd:%d/n",maxfd); nready = select(maxfd+1,&rset,&wset,NULL,NULL); if(FD_ISSET(listenfd,&rset)) { clilen = sizeof(cliaddr); connfd = accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr,&clilen); for(i = 0; i< FD_SETSIZE; i++) { if(client[i] < 0) { client[i] = connfd; break; } } if(i == FD_SETSIZE) { printf("too many clients /n"); exit(1); } FD_SET(connfd,&alllset); FD_SET(connfd,&wsetsave); printf("addinng client on fd %d/n",connfd); if(connfd > maxfd) maxfd = connfd; if( i > maxi) maxi = i; if(--nready <= 0) continue; } for(i = 0; i <= maxi; i++) { if((sockfd = client[i]) < 0 ) continue; if(FD_ISSET(sockfd,&rset)) { bzero(buf,100); if((n = recv(sockfd,buf,MAXBUFSIZE,0)) <= 0) { close(sockfd); FD_CLR(sockfd,&alllset); client[i] = -1; printf("recv error,client:%d exit/n",sockfd); } else { sleep(2); printf("serving client read on fd %d,recv datalen: %d,data:%s /n",sockfd,n,buf); write(sockfd,buf,n); } if(--nready <= 0 ) break; } else if(FD_ISSET(sockfd,&wset)) { char buf1[100] = {""}; sprintf(buf1,"Welcome the selectsvr .../n"); if((n = send(sockfd,buf1,strlen(buf1),0)) <= 0) { close(sockfd); FD_CLR(sockfd,&wsetsave); printf("send error,client:%d exit/n",sockfd); } else { FD_CLR(sockfd,&wsetsave); printf("serving client write on fd %d,data:%s/n",sockfd,buf1); } sleep(5); } } } }

通过: gcc selectsvr.c -o selectsvr 编译得到执行文件selectsvr

 

 2. 客户端

/* the example is writed by minrongf,date: 20090214 #filename:selectcli.c * */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/time.h> typedef int SOCKET; #define MAXBUFSIZE 1024 #define NLISTEN 1024 #define isvalidsock(s) ( ( s ) > 0 ) void set_address( char *hname, char *sname,struct sockaddr_in *sap, char *protocol ) { struct servent *sp; struct hostent *hp; char *endptr; short port; bzero( sap, sizeof( *sap ) ); sap->sin_family = AF_INET; if ( hname != NULL ) { if ( !inet_aton( hname, &sap->sin_addr ) ) { hp = gethostbyname( hname ); if ( hp == NULL ) error( 1, 0, "unknown host: %s/n", hname ); sap->sin_addr = *( struct in_addr * )hp->h_addr; } } else sap->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl( INADDR_ANY ); port = strtol( sname, &endptr, 0 ); if ( *endptr == '/0' ) sap->sin_port = htons( port ); else { sp = getservbyname( sname, protocol ); if ( sp == NULL ) error( 1, 0, "unknown service: %s/n", sname ); sap->sin_port = sp->s_port; } } /* tcp_client - set up for a TCP client */ SOCKET tcp_client( char *hname, char *sname ) { struct sockaddr_in peer; SOCKET s; set_address( hname, sname, &peer, "tcp" ); s = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ); if ( !isvalidsock( s ) ) error( 1, errno, "socket call failed" ); if ( connect( s, ( struct sockaddr * )&peer, sizeof( peer ) ) ) error( 1, errno, "connect failed" ); return s; } int main(int argc,char**argv) { SOCKET s; s = tcp_client(NULL,"5000"); char buf[100] = {""}; recv(s,buf,100,0); printf("%s/n",buf); printf("please input data(quit exit):"); while(fgets(buf,100,stdin) != NULL) { if(strcmp(buf,"quit") == 0) break; send(s,buf,strlen(buf),0); recv(s,buf,100,0); printf("echo data:%s/n",buf); printf("please input data(quit exit):"); } }   

通过: gcc selectcli.c -o selectcli 得到客户端执行程序.

  在上面的测试例子中,程序只是简单演示了如何使用select来轮询可读、可写操作的。