LNMP之Mysql源码编译安装

LNMP之Mysql源码编译安装

Mysql

1. 主流的sql数据库
2. 官网：https://www.mysql.com/

Mysql编译安装脚本

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake ncurses ncurses-devel

useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

cd /usr/local/src

wget 'https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz'

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.6.39

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make && make install

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld

编译选项说明

1. CMACK_INSTALL_PREFIX指定安装的目录
2. MYSQL_DATADIR指定Mysql的数据目录

mysql环境变量配置

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

mysql的启动步骤

1. 更新配置
2. 数据库初始化
3. 启动数据库

更新mysql配置/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

bind-address=0.0.0.0

port=3306

datadir=/data/mysql

user=mysql

skip-name-resolve

long_query_time=2

slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

expire_logs_days=2

innodb-file-per-table=1

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

log_warnings = 1

max_allowed_packet      = 512M

connect_timeout = 60

net_read_timeout = 120

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

mysql数据库初始化

mkdir -pv /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql  /usr/local/mysql /data/mysql/

yum install -y perl-Module-Install

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql  --datadir=/data/mysql/

使用systemctl管理mysqld，/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]

Description=mysqld

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动mysql服务器

systemctl start mysqld

验证Mysql是否启动

查看进程:ps aux | grep mysql

查看监听:netstat -tulnp | grep mysql

查看日志:tail -f /data/mysql/mysqld.log

mysql的安全方式

1. mysql能限制ip访问、访问需要用户名密码、mysql权限还能再细分
2. 默认让127.0.0.1访问，用户名root，不需要密码
3. mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -A

mysql加密码

1. mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -u root password 'zabbixpwd'
2. mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A

mysql授权某ip登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.237.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zabbixpwd' WITH GRANT OPTION;

flush privileges;

网络登录mysql

mysql -h 192.168.237.49 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A

---

---

LNMP架构

1. 用户 -> php文件
2. 请求到达nginx，nginx通过127.0.0.1:9000去调用php-fpm
3. php-fpm -> 运行php程序
4. php -> 操作mysql

LNMP的环境验收，/usr/local/nginx/html/test_mysql.php

<?php

  $link=mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","zabbixpwd"); 

  if(!$link){

    echo "mysql_connect fail";

  }else{

    echo "mysql_connect success";

  }

?>

---

从PHP5.0开始就不推荐使用mysql_connect()函数，到了php7.0则直接废弃了该函数，替代的函数是：

mysqli_connect();

用法是：

$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","my_user","my_password","my_db");

官方的描述连接：http://php.net/manual/en/function.mysqli-connect.php
正确的测试代码：

<?PHP
    $conn=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","root");
    if($conn){
        echo"ok";
    }else{
        echo"error";    
    }
?>