memcpy与memmove_man memcpy-CSDN博客

首先看下man的结果：

NAME
memcpy - copy memory area

SYNOPSIS
#include <string.h>

void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);

DESCRIPTION
       The memcpy() function copies n bytes from memory area src to memory
       area dest. The memory areas should not overlap. Use memmove(3) if the
       memory areas do overlap.

NAME
memmove - copy memory area

SYNOPSIS
#include <string.h>

void *memmove(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);

DESCRIPTION
       The memmove() function copies n bytes from memory area src to memory
       area dest. The memory areas may overlap: copying takes place as though
       the bytes in src are first copied into a temporary array that does not
       overlap src or dest, and the bytes are then copied from the temporary
       array to dest.
可以看到两者最大的区别就是src和dest区域重叠的情况，当重叠时，可以使用memmove。

先看下memcpy的代码：

 
void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n) 
{ 
    void* ret = dest; 
   
    //从低地址向高地址依次复制 
    while (n--) 
    { 
        *(char*)(dest++) = *(char*)(src++); 
    } 
   
    return ret; 
} 
 

而对于重叠的情况：

1.dest地址比src低，可以类似于不重叠即memcpy的方式复制，比如：

 
char a[] = "helloworld"; 
printf("%s\n", a); 
memcpy(a, a+2, 3); 
printf("%s\n", a); 
 

从a[2]开始复制3个字符，到a[0]处依次放下。

输出：lloloworld

2.src地址比dest地址低，如果采用memcpy的方式复制，则会出错，比如：

 
char a[] = "helloworld"; 
printf("%s\n", a); 
memcpy(a+2, a, 3); 
printf("%s\n", a); 
 

原意是从a[0]开始复制3个字符，到a[2]处依次放下，则为hehelworld

但是输出：hehehworld

正确的代码：

 
void *memmove(void* dest, const void *src, size_t n) 
{ 
    void* ret = dest; 
  
    if (dest<=src || (char*)dest>= ((char*)src + n)) 
    { 
        //当dest地址低于src，或者两者内存区域无重叠 
        while (n--) 
        { 
            *(char*)(dest++) = *(char*)(src++); 
        } 
    } 
    else 
    { 
        //src地址低于dest时 
        //如果仍由低到高复制，dest会覆盖掉src的内容 
        //改为由高地址到低地址复制 
        dest = (char*)dest + n - 1; 
        src  = (char*)src  + n - 1; 
        while (n--) 
        { 
            *(char*)(dest--) = *(char*)(src--); 
        } 
    } 
  
    return ret; 
} 
 