一、简述DNS服务器原理,并搭建主-辅服务器。
一次完整的查询请求经过的流程:
Client -->hosts文件 -->DNS Service Local Cache --> DNS Server (recursion) --> Server Cache -->
iteration(迭代) --> 根--> 顶级域名DNS--> 二级域名DNS…
1, 配置主DNS服务器
###安装DNS服务程序
~]# yum install bind -y
###修改配置文件监听端口和允许所有主机查询
~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { localhost; };
allow-query { any; };
###配置解析库文件
~]# cp /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/lmy.com.zone -p
~]# vim /var/named/lmy.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA ns1 admin (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS ns1
NS ns2
ns1 A 192.1.1.17
ns2 A 192.1.1.27
###配置主配置文件
~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "lmy.com" {
type master;
file "lmy.com.zone";
};
###主配置文件语法检查:
~]# named-checkconf
###解析库文件语法检查:
~]# named-checkzone "lmy.com" /var/named/magedu.com.zone
[root@sdns ~]# named-checkzone "lmy.com" /var/named/lmy.com.zone
zone lmy.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
###启动DNS服务
~]# systemctl start named
2, 配置从DNS服务
###安装DNS服务程序
~]# yum install bind -y
###修改配置文件监听端口和允许所有主机查询
~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { localhost; };
allow-query { any; };
###配置主配置文件
~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "lmy.com" {
type slave;
masters { 192.1.1.17; };
file "slaves/lmy.com.zone.slave";
};
###启动DNS服务
~]# systemctl start named
###主DNS服务器上修改版本号并重启主DNS服务器
~]# vim /var/named/lmy.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA ns1 admin (
2 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS ns1
NS ns2
ns1 A 192.1.1.17
ns2 A 192.1.1.27
www A 1.1.1.1
~]# systemctl start named
测试
二、搭建并实现智能DNS。
###安装DNS服务程序
~]# yum install bind -y
###修改配置文件监听端口和允许所有主机查询
~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { localhost; };
allow-query { any; };
1 ###########################配置named.conf文件acl配置#############################
~]# vim /etc/named.conf
acl shanghainet{
192.1.1.0/24;
};
acl guangzhounet{
172.1.1.0/24;
};
acl othernet{
10.1.1.0/24;
};
view view_shanghai {
match-clients { shanghainet; };
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.shanghai";
};
view view_guangzhou {
match-clients { guangzhounet; };
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other";
};
view view_other {
match-clients { othernet; };
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other";
};
include "/etc/named.root.key";
2##################################配置主库文件#######################################
###配置/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.shanghai
~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.shangha
zone "lmy.com" {
type master;
file "lmy.com.zone.shanghai";
};
###配置/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.guangzhou
~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.guangzhou
zone "lmy.com" {
type master;
file "lmy.com.zone.guangzhou";
};
###配置/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other
~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other
zone "lmy.com" {
type master;
file "lmy.com.zone.other";
};
3#################################配置解析库文件########################################
###配置 /var/named/lmy.com.zone.shanghai
~]# vim /var/named/lmy.com.zone.shanghai
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA ns1 admin (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS ns1
ns1 A 192.1.1.7
www A 192.1.1.10
###配置 /var/named/lmy.com.zone.guangzhou
~]# vim /var/named/lmy.com.zone.guangzhou
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA ns1 admin (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS ns1
ns1 A 192.1.1.7
www A 172.1.1.10
###配置 /var/named/lmy.com.zone.other
~]# vim /var/named/lmy.com.zone.other
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA ns1 admin (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS ns1
ns1 A 192.1.1.7
www A 10.1.1.10
4#################################语法检查##############################################
###主配置文件语法检查:
~]# named-checkconf
###解析库文件语法检查:
~]# named-checkzone "lmy.com" /var/named/magedu.com.zone.shanghai
~]# named-checkzone "lmy.com" /var/named/magedu.com.zone.guangzhou
~]# named-checkzone "lmy.com" /var/named/magedu.com.zone.other
三、编译安装Mariadb,并启动后可以正常登录
1, 安装编译环境
yum install bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boost-devel gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel
2 ### 创建mysql系统帐号
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql/ mysql
###创建文件目录
mkdir /data/mysql -p
mkdir /app/mysql -p
###修改目录权限
chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql
###解压缩
tar xvf mariadb-10.2.32.tar.gz
###到源码包目录下
cd mariadb-10.2.32
###设置编译环境
cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/app/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/ \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_MROONGA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
### 开始编译安装
make && make install
###安装完成
##准备环境变量 echo 'PATH=/app/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
###生成数据库文件
cd /app/mysql/
scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql
###准备配置文件
cp /app/mysql/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
###准备启动脚本
cp /app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
###启动服务
chkconfig --add mysqld ;service mysqld start