centos7 安装Oracle11GR2
1、安装图cenos7,软件选择时勾上GNOME或者KDE,网上推荐gonme,说是为了桌面而桌面,kde比较重量级单内容丰富(缺点启动慢),我选择的是GNOME安装,orale的静默安装搞得有点头大,新手还是图像画安装容易点
接下来开始折腾...................................
2、创建用户和组
- [root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall
- [root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba
- [root@localhost ~]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
- [root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle
- 更改用户 oracle 的密码 。
- 新的 密码:
- 无效的密码: 密码少于 8 个字符
- 重新输入新的 密码:
- passwd:所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
- [root@localhost ~]# id oracle
- uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) 组=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)
3、创建Oracle安装目录
- [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle
- [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory
- [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/databas
- [root@localhost ~]# cd /data
- [root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
- [root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory
- [root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/databas
4、 修改 /etc/redhat-release
- [root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/redhat-release
- [root@localhost etc]# cat /etc/redhat-release
- #CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
- redhat-7
5、yum安装Oracle需要的依赖包
- [root@localhost data]# yum install gcc* gcc-* gcc-c++-* glibc-devel-* glibc-headers-* compat-libstdc* libstdc* elfutils-libelf-devel* libaio-devel* sysstat* unixODBC-* pdksh-*
6、关闭防火墙和关闭selinux(需重启生效)
- [root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
- [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
- [root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
- [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
- selinux关闭
- [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
- # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
- # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
- # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
- # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
- # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
- #SELINUX=enforcing
- # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
- # targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
- # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
- # mls - Multi Level Security protection.
- #SELINUXTYPE=targeted
- SELINUX=disabled
- [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
7、修改内核
- [root@localhost /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
- # sysctl settings are defined through files in
- # /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
- #
- # Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
- # To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
- # /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
- # only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
- # name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
- #
- # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
- net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
- net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
- fs.file-max = 6815744 #设置最大打开文件数
- fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
- kernel.shmall = 2097152 #共享内存的总量,8G内存设置:2097152*4k/1024/1024
- kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 #最大共享内存的段大小
- kernel.shmmni = 4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数
- kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
- net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #可使用的IPv4端口范围
- net.core.rmem_default = 262144
- net.core.rmem_max= 4194304
- net.core.wmem_default= 262144
- net.core.wmem_max= 1048576
- 配置生效
- [root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p
- net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
- net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
- sysctl: setting key "fs.file-max": 无效的参数
- fs.file-max = 6815744 #设置最大打开文件数
- fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
- sysctl: setting key "kernel.shmall": 无效的参数
- kernel.shmall = 2097152 #共享内存的总量,8G内存设置:2097152*4k/1024/1024
- sysctl: setting key "kernel.shmmax": 无效的参数
- kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 #最大共享内存的段大小
- sysctl: setting key "kernel.shmmni": 无效的参数
- kernel.shmmni = 4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数
- kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
- sysctl: setting key "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range": 无效的参数
- net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #可使用的IPv4端口范围
- net.core.rmem_default = 262144
- net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
- net.core.wmem_default = 262144
- net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
8、设置Oracle限制
- [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
- 最后面添加
- # End of file
- #为所有用户设置
- #* soft nofile 4096
- #* hard nofile 65536
- #* soft nproc 2047
- #* hard nproc 16384
- #为Oracle用户设置
- oracle soft nofile 4096
- oracle hard nofile 65536
- orcle soft nproc 2047
- oracle hard nproc 16384
9、配置Oracle环境变量
- [root@localhost ~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
- 最后面添加
- export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle #oracle数据库安装目录
- export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 #oracle数据库路径
- export ORACLE_SID=orcl #oracle启动数据库实例名
- export ORACLE_TERM=xterm #xterm窗口模式安装
- export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH #添加系统环境变量
- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib #添加系统环境变量
- export LANG=en_US #防止安装过程出现乱码
- export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK #设置Oracle客户端字符集
- 立即生效
- [root@localhost ~]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
10、用Oracle用户上传资源包到 /usr/local/src
- [root@localhost ~]# xhost +
- access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
- [root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
- 上一次登录:一 3月 27 00:51:05 CST 2017从 192.168.70.1pts/2 上
- [oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /usr/local/src/database/
- [oracle@localhost database]$ ls
- doc install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
- [oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
11、到处大家就尽情的跟windows安装一样的玩耍吧!,在安装到后面可能检查不过,提示缺什么rpm就装什么
12、安装过程中初始xhost + 问题解决
- [root@localhost src]# DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
- [root@localhost src]# echo $DISPLAY
- :0.0
- [root@localhost src]# xhost +
- access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
- [root@localhost src]# su - oracle
- 上一次登录:一 3月 27 19:54:06 CST 2017pts/0 上
- [oracle@localhost ~]$ DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
- [oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $DISPLAY
- :0.0
- [oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /usr/local/src/database/
- [oracle@localhost database]$ ls
- doc install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
- [oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
- Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
13、rpm强制安装
- rpm ---nodeps --force xxx.rpm
- [root@localhost oraclRelationRMP]# rpm -ivh --nodeps --force *.rpm
- 警告:compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID e8562897: NOKEY
- 警告:libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID db42a60e: NOKEY
- 警告:libaio-devel-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID b38a8516: NOKEY
- 警告:libstdc++-3.4.6-11.i386.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 82fd17b2: NOKEY
- 警告:pdksh-5.2.14-30.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 73307de6: NOKEY
- 警告:unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 37017186: NOKEY
- 准备中... ################################# [100%]
- 正在升级/安装...
- 1:libgcc-3.4.6-3 ################################# [ 11%]
- 2:unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1 ################################# [ 22%]
- 3:libaio-0.3.105-2 ################################# [ 33%]
- 4:libaio-devel-0.3.105-2 ################################# [ 44%]
- 5:unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1 ################################# [ 56%]
- 6:pdksh-5.2.14-30 ################################# [ 67%]
- 7:pdksh-5.2.14-1 ################################# [ 78%]
- 8:compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 ################################# [ 89%]
- 9:libstdc++-3.4.6-11 ################################# [100%]