varchar(n):最大长度为n的变长字符串
消除重复行:
选修了课程的学生学号
select distinctsno
from sc;
字符匹配:
姓刘的学生
select sname, sno, ssex
from student
where sname like ' 刘 % ';
姓欧阳,三字
select sname
from student
where sname like ' 欧阳 _ _ ';
select cno, ccredit
from course
where cname like 'db\ _design'escape ' \ ';
select sname
from student
where sdept = 'cs' and sage < 20;
select sno, grade
from sc
where cno = '3'
order by grade desc;
求各个课程号及相应的选课人数
select cno, count(sno) //max, min, sum, avg
from sc
group by cno;
自身连接:
先导课的先导课
select first.cno, second.cpno
from course first, course second
where first.cpno = second.cno;
外连接:
左外连接就列出左表中所有的元组
select student.sno, sname, ssex, sage,sdept, cno,grade
from student left out join sc on(student.sno = sc.sno);
复合条件连接:
select student.sno, sname
from student,sc
where student.sno = sc.sno and
sc.cno = '2' and sc.grade > 90;
嵌套查询:
select sno, sname, sdept
fron student
where sdept in (
select sdept
from student
where sname = '刘晨'
);
select sname, sage
from student
where sage < any ( //某一个
select sage
from student
where sdept = ' cs '
)