linux 消息队列

主要使用函数清单：

// 键值构建函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>

key_t ftok(const char *pathname, int proj_id);


// 创建与获取消息队列函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

int msgget(key_t, int msgflg);


// 发送消息函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

// 接收消息函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);

// 消息控制函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);

服务端：

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <errno.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/ipc.h>  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <sys/msg.h>  
#define MSG_FILE "server.c"  
#define BUFFER 255  
/*
S_IRUSR
  Permits the file's owner to read it.

S_IWUSR
  Permits the file's owner to write to it.

S_IRGRP
  Permits the file's group to read it.

S_IWGRP
  Permits the file's group to write to it.
*/
#define PERM S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR   

struct msgtype {  
	long mtype;  
	char buffer[BUFFER+1];  
};  
int main()  
{  
	struct msgtype msg;  
	key_t key;  
	int msgid;   
	//  创建键值
	if((key=ftok(MSG_FILE,'a'))==-1)  
	{  
		fprintf(stderr,"Creat Key Error：%s\a\n",strerror(errno));  
		exit(1);  
	}  
	// 创建消息队列
	if((msgid=msgget(key,PERM|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL))==-1)  
	{  
		fprintf(stderr,"Creat Message Error：%s\a\n",strerror(errno));  
		exit(1);  
	}  

	while(1)  
	{  
		// 从队列中获取消息
		msgrcv(msgid,&msg,sizeof(struct msgtype),1,0);  
		fprintf(stderr,"Server Receive：%s\n",msg.buffer);  
		msg.mtype=2;  
		// 发送消息
		msgsnd(msgid,&msg,sizeof(struct msgtype),0);  
	}  
	exit(0);  
}

客户端：

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <errno.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/ipc.h>  
#include <sys/msg.h>  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#define MSG_FILE "server.c"  
#define BUFFER 255  
#define PERM S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR  
struct msgtype {  
	long mtype;  
	char buffer[BUFFER+1];  
};  
int main(int argc,char **argv)  
{  
	struct msgtype msg;  
	key_t key;  
	int msgid;  
	if(argc!=2)  
	{  
		fprintf(stderr,"Usage：%s string\n\a",argv[0]);  
		exit(1);  
	}  
	if((key=ftok(MSG_FILE,'a'))==-1)  
	{  
		fprintf(stderr,"Creat Key Error：%s\a\n",strerror(errno));  
		exit(1);  
	}  
	if((msgid=msgget(key,PERM))==-1)  
	{  
		fprintf(stderr,"Creat Message Error：%s\a\n",strerror(errno));  
		exit(1);  
	}  
	msg.mtype=1;  
	strncpy(msg.buffer,argv[1],BUFFER);  
	msgsnd(msgid,&msg,sizeof(struct msgtype),0);  
	memset(&msg,'\0',sizeof(struct msgtype));  
	msgrcv(msgid,&msg,sizeof(struct msgtype),2,0);  
	fprintf(stderr,"Client receive：%s\n",msg.buffer);  
	exit(0);  
}