nagios监控主机

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-09 06:34:07 发布

calvin_kang

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-09 06:34:07 发布

阅读量2k

点赞数

分类专栏： linux 文章标签： nagios

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lnwf5188588/article/details/9952139

版权

linux 专栏收录该内容

7 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

1.安装依赖包，建立nagios用户,建立nagios软件目录

# yum -y httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel php
# useradd nagios
# mkdir /usr/local/nagios
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios

2.下载安装nagios相关包

  http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/
nagios-3.2.2.tar.gz
nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
nrpe-2.12.tar.gz

# tail -xvf /soft/nagios-3.2.2.tar.gz -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/nagios-3.2.2/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
# make all && make install && make install-init && make install-commandmode && make install-config

# tar -xvf /soft/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.4.16/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
# make && make install

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
User apache
Group apache
修改为
User nagios
Group nagios

然后找到
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var

添加index.php修改为
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php

再在其下增加如下行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

在配置文件末尾增加如下信息：

#setting for nagios

ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
AuthType Basic
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user

</Directory>

Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"

<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
AuthType Basic
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios Access"

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>

3.新增验证文件,并重启apache和nagios服务

# /usr/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd calvin

New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user calvin

# service httpd restart
Stopping httpd: [FAILED]
Starting httpd: [ OK ]

# vipw
修改最后一行为
nagios:x:500:501::/home/nagios:/bin/bash

# service nagios start
Starting nagios: done.

通过浏览器输入http://192.168.217.131/nagios/

4.开始配置监控其他机器

服务端配置：

# pwd
/usr/local/nagios/etc
# vi nagios.cfg
cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts
# mkdir hosts
# cd hosts
# vi linux.cfg

    define host{
               use             linux-server
              host_name        dbtest.sink.com 
              alias           dbtest.sink.com 
              address        192.168.217.130    
                   }
    define service{ 
            use                      generic-service
            host_name                dbtest.sink.com 
            service_description       check-swap      
            check_command        check_nrpe!check_swap
                   }
    define service{
            use                      generic-service
            host_name                dbtest.sink.com 
            service_description      check-load
           check_command         check_nrpe!check_load    
                   }
    define service{
            use                      generic-service
            host_name                dbtest.sink.com 
           service_description       check-disk-sda3-usage
           check_command        check_nrpe!check_disk_sda3_usage   
                  }
    define service{
            use                     generic-service
            host_name               dbtest.sink.com 
           service_description     check-users
           check_command       check_nrpe!check_users          
                   }
    define service{
            use                    generic-service
            host_name               dbtest.sink.com 
            service_description  otal-procs
            check_command     check_nrpe!check_total_procs     
                    }
    define service{
            use                    generic-service
            host_name               dbtest.sink.com 
            service_description   check-disk-sdb1-usage
            check_command     check_nrpe!check_disk_sdb1_usage     
                    }
    define service{
            use                    generic-service
            host_name               dbtest.sink.com 
            service_description  check-diskio-sdb1
            check_command     check_nrpe!check_diskio_sdb1    
                    }

重启nagios服务
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running configuration check... CONFIG ERROR! Restart aborted. Check your Nagios configuration.

如果报错用下面命令检查配置
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

如果报类似下面这种错误，说明nrpe没装
Error: Service check command 'check_nrpe' specified in service 'check-disk' for host 'wlstest.sink.com' not defined anywhere!

安装nrpe
# tar -xvf /soft/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.12/
# ./configure && make all && make install-plugin
# ll /usr/local/nagios/libexec/|grep check_nrpe
-rwxrwxr-x. 1 nagios nagios 75340 Aug 3 22:44 check_nrpe
# pwd
/usr/local/nagios/etc
# vi monitor/commands.cfg
#'check_nrpe ' command definition
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}

再检查一下是否通过
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

重启nagios
# service nagios restart

被监控端配置
安装nagios-lugins
# useradd nagios
# mkdir /usr/local/nagios
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
# tar -xvf /soft/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.4.16/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
# make && make install

# 这里有个命令/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_diskio是摘抄了别人写的shell脚本，nagios-plugins不带这个命令，内容如下：
# vi /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_diskio

建立后要修改权限：
chown nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_diskio

    #!/bin/sh
    # by siliencen - siliencen@gmail.com
    
    iostat=`which iostat 2>/dev/null`
    bc=`which bc 2>/dev/null`
    
    function help {
    echo -e "This plugin shows the I/O usage_rate of the specified disk, using the iostat external program.\n\t example \n\t ./io -d sda2 -w 10 -c 20"
            exit -1
    }
    
    # Ensuring we have the needed tools:
    ( [ ! -f $iostat ] ) && ( echo "ERROR: iostat command not found .Please install" && exit -1 )
    
    # Getting parameters:
    while getopts "d:w:c:h" OPT; do
            case $OPT in
                    "d") disk=$OPTARG;;
                    "w") warning=$OPTARG;;
                    "c") critical=$OPTARG;;
                    "h") help;;
            esac
    done
    
    # Adjusting the three warn and crit levels:
    
    crit_util=`echo $critical`
    warn_util=`echo $warning`
    
    # Checking parameters:
    [ ! -b "/dev/$disk" ] && echo "ERROR: Device incorrectly specified" && help
    
    ( [ $warn_util == "" ] || [ $crit_util == "" ] ) && echo "ERROR: You must specify all warning and critical levels" && help
    
    ( [[ "$warn_util" -ge  "$crit_util" ]] ) && echo "ERROR: critical levels must be highter than warning levels" && help
    
    # Doing the actual check:
    util=`$iostat -dx 1 10 $disk | grep $disk | awk '{print $12}'|sort -nr | head -n 1 `
    
    # Comparing the result and setting the correct level:
    if ( echo ${util} ${crit_util}|awk '!($1>=$2){exit 1}' );then
            msg="CRITICAL"
            status=2
    else if ( echo ${util} ${warn_util} |awk '!($1>=$2){exit 1}');then
                    msg="WARNING"
                    status=1
         else
            msg="OK"
            status=0
         fi
    fi
    
    # Printing the results:
    echo "$msg - I/O stats Disk:$disk util_rate=$util  "
    
    # Bye!
    exit $status

安装nrpe，这里注意要加--enable-ssl
# rpm -qa|grep openssl ####检查一下openssl有没装，没装的话要装上
# tar -xvf /soft/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.12/
# ./configure --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib/
# make all && make install-plugin && make install-daemon && make install-daemon-config

配置允许监控服务器ip
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
allowed_hosts=192.168.217.131,127.0.0.1

启动nrpe进程
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# netstat -an|grep 5666
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

在监控服务器检查是否可以探测到nrpe进程
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.217.130
NRPE v2.12

在本机（被监控机）检查是否可以探测到nrpe进程
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1
NRPE v2.12

检验nrpe的参数文件配置：
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg |grep -v "#" |grep -v "^$"
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.217.131,127.0.0.1

dont_blame_nrpe=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 20 -c 30
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_disk_sdb1_usage]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 10% -c 5% -p /dev/sdb1
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 900 -c 1500
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 10% -c 5%
command[check_diskio_sdb1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_diskio -d sdb1 -w 15 -c 20
command[check_disk_sda3_usage]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 10% -c 5% -p /dev/sda3

# ps -ef|grep nrpe
nagios 7385 1 0 Aug03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
root 7926 7892 0 01:37 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nrpe
# kill -9 7385
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

被监控端：
在cgi.cfg文件的按如下配置修改或添加已经验证过的用户名calvin
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg|grep calvin
default_user_name=calvin
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,calvin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,calvin

重启nagios
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart

通过浏览器输入http://192.168.217.131/nagios，然后点击左边菜单的Services就可以看到监控的服务了

4. 监控邮件报警设置

监控服务器安装sendmail客户端

# yum install sendmail

设置邮件服务器和发送报警的邮箱地址，以及用户名和密码
# cat /etc/mail.rc
set from=calvin@163.com ###发送邮件的邮箱
set smtp=smtp.163.com ###smtp服务器地址，这里是网易
set smtp-auth-user=calvin ### 邮箱用户名
set smtp-auth-password=111111 ### 邮箱密码
set smtp-auth=login ### 邮箱登陆验证

测试是否可以发送邮件：
# echo "test mail"|mail -s "test" calvin@163.com

设置nagios配置文件
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name calvin ####自定义通知联系人名
use generic-contact ####通知服务类型
alias calvin ####别名
service_notification_period 24x7 ####服务监控报警周期
host_notification_period 24x7 ####主机监控报警周期
email calvin@163.com ####你的邮件地址
}

define contact{
contact_name calvintest ####自定义通知联系人名
use generic-contact ####通知服务类型
alias calvintest ####别名
service_notification_period 24x7 ####服务监控报警周期
host_notification_period 24x7 ####主机监控报警周期
email calvin@126.com ####你的邮件地址
}

如果要发送给多人，则还需要配置：
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name admin
alias admin
members calvin,calvintest ####如需要发送给多人，在这里配置，用逗号隔开
}

检查命令文件，一般情况下只需核查，不需要修改：
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
....
# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}

# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
....

有时候用sendmail无法是用外部smtp发送邮件（有人说redhat6可以，本人在redhat5.4上面确实不行），这个时候用mailx即可：

先卸载sendmail，也可以不做
# yum remove sendmail

下载mailx
http://sourceforge.net/projects/heirloom/files/latest/download?source=files

安装mailx
　 # tar xvf /soft/mailx-12.4.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src
# cd /usr/src/mailx-12.4
# make
# make install UCBINSTALL=/usr/bin/install
# mailx -V
12.4 7/29/08
# which mailx
/usr/local/bin/mailx

配置 /etc/nail.rc，和/etc/mail.rc配置一样
# echo "test mail"|mailx -s "test" calvin@163.com mailx

最后修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg 文件里把/bin/mail替换成/usr/local/bin/mailx即可

报警间隔设置

新建立一个escalations.cfg文件，并和其他服务配置文件一样添加到nagios.cfg里

比如，escalations.cfg内容如下：

###设置对主机dbtest.sink.com的check-load和check-swap这两个监控第2次至第4次报警间隔为60分钟；

define serviceescalation{
host_name dbtest.sink.com
service_description check-load,check-swap ####报警间隔设置的服务名,多个用逗号隔开
first_notification 2
last_notification 4
notification_interval 60
contact_groups admin
}

###设置对主机dbtest.sink.com的check-load和check-swap这两个监控第5次开始不报警；
define serviceescalation{
host_name dbtest.sink.com
service_description check-load,check-swap
first_notification 5
last_notification 0
notification_interval 0
contact_groups admin
}

补充：如果想设置某些服务不报警，可以在服务配置文件里设置notifications_enabled 0

5.pnp辅助出图

安装依赖包
# yum install -y php php-common php-gd php-devel php-cli perl perl-URI perl-String-CRC32 perl-IO-Socket-INET6 perl-Socket6

下载rrdtool和pnp
  http://download.csdn.net/download/bhjsj04516/1769396
  http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP/pnp-0.4.14/pnp-0.4.14.tar.gz?use_mirror=nchc

rrdtool-1.0.50.tar.gz
pnp-0.4.14.tar.gz

开始安装
# tar -xvf /soft/rrdtool-1.0.50.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/rrdtool-1.0.50/
# ./configure && make && make install

# tar -xvf /soft/pnp-0.4.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/pnp-0.4.14/
# ./configure --with-rrdtool=/usr/local/rrdtool-1.0.50/bin/rrdtool
# make all && make install && make install-config && make install-init

在apache配置文件里添加首页php页面，之前已添加
# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php

访问验证php出图页面，如果看到下面的结果，说明还没采集到数据
http://192.168.217.131/nagios/pnp/index.php?host=192.168.217.131

Initalising

Using /usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata/

RRDTool /usr/local/rrdtool-1.0.50/bin/rrdtool found.

RRDTool /usr/local/rrdtool-1.0.50/bin/rrdtool is executable

PHP Function proc_open is enabled

PHP Function fpassthru is enabled

PHP Function xml_parser_create is enabled

PHP zlib Support found.

PHP GD Support found.

RRD Base Directory /usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata/ found.

Hostname 192.168.217.131 is set.

Directory /usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata/192.168.217.131 not found.

修改nagios.cfg文件
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
process_performance_data=1 ####修改为1

host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata ####打开注释
service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata ####打开注释

修改commands.cfg文件,按如下注释或者删除这两个命令的原定义，替换成新的
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/monitor/commands.cfg
#define command{
# command_name process-host-perfdata
# command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "$LASTHOSTCHECK$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$HOSTSTATE$\t$HOSTATTEMPT$\t$HOSTSTATETYPE$\t$HOSTEXECUTIONTIME$\t$HOSTOUTPUT$\t$HOSTPERFDATA$\n" >> /usr/local/nagios/var/host-perfdata.out
# }


# 'process-service-perfdata' command definition
#define command{
# command_name process-service-perfdata
# command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "$LASTSERVICECHECK$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$SERVICEDESC$\t$SERVICESTATE$\t$SERVICEATTEMPT$\t$SERVICESTATETYPE$\t$SERVICEEXECUTIONTIME$\t$SERVICELATENCY$\t$SERVICEOUTPUT$\t$SERVICEPERFDATA$\n" >> /usr/local/nagios/var/service-perfdata.out
# }

define command{
command_name process-host-perfdata
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
}

define command{
command_name process-service-perfdata
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
}

在监控hosts主机文件添加如下两行：
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts/linux.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name FZ-APP
alias OS_10.10.5.55
address 10.10.5.55
process_perf_data 1 ####添加
action_url /nagios/pnp/index.php?host=$HOSTNAME$ ####添加
}

重启nagios，就可以看到主机前面有个太阳了，点进去可以看到绘图。

参考：

http://wenku.baidu.com/view/4daf21a0284ac850ad02426c.html

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26849186-id-3806307.html

http://www.2cto.com/os/201208/148484.html

calvin_kang

关注

0
点赞
踩
1

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
nagios监控主机

1.安装依赖包，建立nagios用户,建立nagios软件目录 # yum -y httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel php # useradd nagios # mkdir /usr/local/nagios # chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios2.下载安装nagio
复制链接

扫一扫