学习笔记（4):MATLAB基础入门课程-绘图开关-CSDN博客

立即学习:https://edu.csdn.net/course/play/5974/112229?utm_source=blogtoedu

for 循环变量=开始值:[步长]:终止值

语句体

end

for i=1:5

end

for i=2:4:14

end

a=5;

while a<10

a=a+1;

end

for i=1:5

if i==3

continue

end

for i=1:5

if i==3

break

end

try

语句1

catch

语句2

end

a=ones(3,3)

a(14,:)

det(rand(2,4)) 取行列式

a=6

try

det(rand(2,4))

catch

disp(laster)

end

try

a(14,:)

catch

disp(‘发生错误，具体为：’)

disp(lasterr)

end

try

a(14,:)

catch

disp(‘error’)

disp(lasterr)

end

新建脚本

for i=1:100

end

ctrl+s保存在默认文件夹下

clear all

创建新文档

函数

输出输入

function [ c ] = myadd( a,b )

%UNTITLED3 此处显示有关此函数的摘要

% 此处显示详细说明

% c=a+b

c=a+b

end

ctrl+S（区分大小写）

% 注释

myadd(4,6 )

x=1:10

y=sin(x)

line(x,y)

x=1:0.01:10

y=sin(x)

line(x,y)

F5 运行

ctrl+R 快速注释

plot函数

plot(x)

plot(x,y)

plot(x1,y1,x2,y2,…,xn,yn)

x=43 91 18 26 15

plot(x)

x=0:0.1:2*3.14

y=sin(x)

plot(x,y)

x=1:5

y=rand(4,5)

plot(x,y)

x1=0:0.1:2*3.14

y1=sin(x1)

x2=3.14:0.1:3*3.14

y2=cos(x2)

plot(x1,y1,x2,y2)

plot(x,y1x,y2)

polar(theta,rho) 极坐标

a-2*pi:0.001:2*pi; %设定角度

b=(1-sin(a)); %设定对应角度的半径

polar(a,b) %绘图

polar([a a a],[b c d])

plot(x,y,线的格式)

‘-‘ solid line(default)

‘- -‘ dashed line

‘:’ dotted line

‘-.’ dash-dotted line

‘linestyle’,‘none’ no line

plot(x,y, ‘linestyle’,‘none’)

plot(x,y,线的颜色)

‘yellow’ ‘y’ [1 1 0]

‘magenta’ ‘m’ [1 0 1]

‘cyan’ ‘c’ [0 1 1]

‘red’ ‘r’ [1 0 0]

‘green’ ‘g’ [0 1 0]

‘blue’ ‘b’ [0 0 1]

‘white’ ‘w’ [1 1 1]

‘black’ ‘k’ [0 0 0]

a=0:0.1:2*pi

b=sin(a)

plot(a,b,’color’,’red’)

plot(a,b,’:m’)

plot(a,b,’- -k’)

plot(x,y,数据点的格式)

‘o’ circle

‘+’ plus sign

‘*’ asterisk

‘.’ point

‘x’ cross

‘square’or’s’ square

‘diamond’or’d’ diamond

‘^’ upward-pointing triangle

‘v’ downward-pointing triangle

‘>’ right-pointing triangle

‘<’ left-pointing triangle

‘pentagram’or’p’ five-pointed star(pentagram)

‘hexagram’or’h’ six-pointed star(hexagram)

‘none’ no markers

plot(x,y,'marker','+')

plot(x,y, ,'o')

plot(x,y, ,'-ro')

plot(x,y,格式)

plot(x,y,属性名称，属性值)

‘linewidth’ 0.5(default)

‘markeredgecolor’ auto(default)

‘markerfacecolor’ none(default)

‘markersize’ 6(default)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

polt(x,y,’linewidth’,6);

polt(x,y,’o’,’ markeredgecolor’,’r’);

polt(x,y,’o’,’ markerfacecolorr’,’r’);

polt(x,y,’ markersize’,12);

subplot(x,y,i)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y1=sin(x);

y2=cos(x);

y3=x;

y4=x.^2;

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y1);

subplot(2,2,2),plot(x,y2);

subplot(2,2,3),plot(x,y3);

subplot(2,2,4),plot(x,y4);

hold on

hold off

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y1=sin(x);

y2=cos(x);

y3=1-sin(x);

plot(x,y1);

hold on;

plot(x,y2);

hold off;

plot(x,y3);

坐标轴范围

axis([x轴范围，y轴范围])

axis auto

axis manual 叠加绘图

axis tight 紧凑型

坐标轴比例

axis equal 比例相同

axis square 方形

axis normal 默认

关闭

axis off

x=0:0.1:4*pi;

y=sin(x);

x2=-100:100;

y2=cos(x2)

plot(x,y);axis tight;

plot(x,y); axis ([-100 100 -100 100]);

plot(x,y);axis manual;

hold on;

plot(x2,y2);

x=0:0.1:10*pi;

y=sin(x);

plot(x,y);axis equal;

plot(x,y);axis square;

plot(x,y);axis nomal;

plot(x,y);axis tight nomal;

plot(x,y);axis off;

ctrl+t 取消注释

set

set(gca,’xTick’,刻度)

set(gca,’xTickLabel’,刻度标签)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

plot(x,y);

set(gca,’xTick’,[0 pi/2 pi 3*pi/2 2*pi]) ;

set(gca,’xTickLabel’,{‘0’ ‘pi/2’ ‘pi’ ‘3*pi/2’ ‘2*pi’})

全对数/半对数

25 VS 0.1

semilogx X轴使用对数

semilogy Y轴使用对数

loglog XY轴均采用对数

x=0:0.1:10;

y=exp(x);

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y);

subplot(2,2,2), semilogx(x,y);

subplot(2,2,3), semilogy(x,y);

subplot(2,2,4),loglog(x,y);

plotyy

x=1:100;

y1=rand(1,100)*1000;

y2=x.^2;

plot(x,y1,x,y2);

plotyy(X1,Y1,X2,Y2)

[AX,H1,H2]=plotyy(参数)

AX AX(1)左侧坐标句柄,AX(2)右侧坐标句柄

H1 左侧坐标图线句柄

H2 右侧坐标图线句柄

x=1:100;

y1=rand(1,100);

y2=x.^2;

[ax ha hb]=plotyy(x,y1,x,y2);

set(ha,’color’,’g’);

set(hb,’color’,’m’);

ylabel(ax(1),’随机数’);

ylabel(ax(2),’平方’);

axis on/axis off 坐标轴

box on/box off 边界线

grid on/grid off 网格线

x=1:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y);

subplot(2,2,2),plot(x,y),axis off;

subplot(2,2,3),plot(x,y),box off;

subplot(2,2,4),plot(x,y),grid on;

for 循环变量=开始值:[步长]:终止值

语句体

end

for i=1:5

end

for i=2:4:14

end

a=5;

while a<10

a=a+1;

end

for i=1:5

if i==3

continue

end

for i=1:5

if i==3

break

end

try

语句1

catch

语句2

end

a=ones(3,3)

a(14,:)

det(rand(2,4)) 取行列式

a=6

try

det(rand(2,4))

catch

disp(laster)

end

try

a(14,:)

catch

disp(‘发生错误，具体为：’)

disp(lasterr)

end

try

a(14,:)

catch

disp(‘error’)

disp(lasterr)

end

新建脚本

for i=1:100

end

ctrl+s保存在默认文件夹下

clear all

创建新文档

函数

输出输入

function [ c ] = myadd( a,b )

%UNTITLED3 此处显示有关此函数的摘要

% 此处显示详细说明

% c=a+b

c=a+b

end

ctrl+S（区分大小写）

% 注释

myadd(4,6 )

x=1:10

y=sin(x)

line(x,y)

x=1:0.01:10

y=sin(x)

line(x,y)

F5 运行

ctrl+R 快速注释

plot函数

plot(x)

plot(x,y)

plot(x1,y1,x2,y2,…,xn,yn)

x=43 91 18 26 15

plot(x)

x=0:0.1:2*3.14

y=sin(x)

plot(x,y)

x=1:5

y=rand(4,5)

plot(x,y)

x1=0:0.1:2*3.14

y1=sin(x1)

x2=3.14:0.1:3*3.14

y2=cos(x2)

plot(x1,y1,x2,y2)

plot(x,y1x,y2)

polar(theta,rho) 极坐标

a-2*pi:0.001:2*pi; %设定角度

b=(1-sin(a)); %设定对应角度的半径

polar(a,b) %绘图

polar([a a a],[b c d])

plot(x,y,线的格式)

‘-‘ solid line(default)

‘- -‘ dashed line

‘:’ dotted line

‘-.’ dash-dotted line

‘linestyle’,‘none’ no line

plot(x,y, ‘linestyle’,‘none’)

plot(x,y,线的颜色)

‘yellow’ ‘y’ [1 1 0]

‘magenta’ ‘m’ [1 0 1]

‘cyan’ ‘c’ [0 1 1]

‘red’ ‘r’ [1 0 0]

‘green’ ‘g’ [0 1 0]

‘blue’ ‘b’ [0 0 1]

‘white’ ‘w’ [1 1 1]

‘black’ ‘k’ [0 0 0]

a=0:0.1:2*pi

b=sin(a)

plot(a,b,’color’,’red’)

plot(a,b,’:m’)

plot(a,b,’- -k’)

plot(x,y,数据点的格式)

‘o’ circle

‘+’ plus sign

‘*’ asterisk

‘.’ point

‘x’ cross

‘square’or’s’ square

‘diamond’or’d’ diamond

‘^’ upward-pointing triangle

‘v’ downward-pointing triangle

‘>’ right-pointing triangle

‘<’ left-pointing triangle

‘pentagram’or’p’ five-pointed star(pentagram)

‘hexagram’or’h’ six-pointed star(hexagram)

‘none’ no markers

plot(x,y,'marker','+')

plot(x,y, ,'o')

plot(x,y, ,'-ro')

plot(x,y,格式)

plot(x,y,属性名称，属性值)

‘linewidth’ 0.5(default)

‘markeredgecolor’ auto(default)

‘markerfacecolor’ none(default)

‘markersize’ 6(default)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

polt(x,y,’linewidth’,6);

polt(x,y,’o’,’ markeredgecolor’,’r’);

polt(x,y,’o’,’ markerfacecolorr’,’r’);

polt(x,y,’ markersize’,12);

subplot(x,y,i)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y1=sin(x);

y2=cos(x);

y3=x;

y4=x.^2;

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y1);

subplot(2,2,2),plot(x,y2);

subplot(2,2,3),plot(x,y3);

subplot(2,2,4),plot(x,y4);

hold on

hold off

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y1=sin(x);

y2=cos(x);

y3=1-sin(x);

plot(x,y1);

hold on;

plot(x,y2);

hold off;

plot(x,y3);

坐标轴范围

axis([x轴范围，y轴范围])

axis auto

axis manual 叠加绘图

axis tight 紧凑型

坐标轴比例

axis equal 比例相同

axis square 方形

axis normal 默认

关闭

axis off

x=0:0.1:4*pi;

y=sin(x);

x2=-100:100;

y2=cos(x2)

plot(x,y);axis tight;

plot(x,y); axis ([-100 100 -100 100]);

plot(x,y);axis manual;

hold on;

plot(x2,y2);

x=0:0.1:10*pi;

y=sin(x);

plot(x,y);axis equal;

plot(x,y);axis square;

plot(x,y);axis nomal;

plot(x,y);axis tight nomal;

plot(x,y);axis off;

ctrl+t 取消注释

set

set(gca,’xTick’,刻度)

set(gca,’xTickLabel’,刻度标签)

x=0:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

plot(x,y);

set(gca,’xTick’,[0 pi/2 pi 3*pi/2 2*pi]) ;

set(gca,’xTickLabel’,{‘0’ ‘pi/2’ ‘pi’ ‘3*pi/2’ ‘2*pi’})

全对数/半对数

25 VS 0.1

semilogx X轴使用对数

semilogy Y轴使用对数

loglog XY轴均采用对数

x=0:0.1:10;

y=exp(x);

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y);

subplot(2,2,2), semilogx(x,y);

subplot(2,2,3), semilogy(x,y);

subplot(2,2,4),loglog(x,y);

plotyy

x=1:100;

y1=rand(1,100)*1000;

y2=x.^2;

plot(x,y1,x,y2);

plotyy(X1,Y1,X2,Y2)

[AX,H1,H2]=plotyy(参数)

AX AX(1)左侧坐标句柄,AX(2)右侧坐标句柄

H1 左侧坐标图线句柄

H2 右侧坐标图线句柄

x=1:100;

y1=rand(1,100);

y2=x.^2;

[ax ha hb]=plotyy(x,y1,x,y2);

set(ha,’color’,’g’);

set(hb,’color’,’m’);

ylabel(ax(1),’随机数’);

ylabel(ax(2),’平方’);

axis on/axis off 坐标轴

box on/box off 边界线

grid on/grid off 网格线

x=1:0.1:2*pi;

y=sin(x);

subplot(2,2,1),plot(x,y);

subplot(2,2,2),plot(x,y),axis off;

subplot(2,2,3),plot(x,y),box off;

subplot(2,2,4),plot(x,y),grid on;