Welcome. This library was designed to solve a personal problem with my apps, I use to use Material theming on versions of Android below Lollipop. However, AppCompat doesn't theme AlertDialogs to use Material on pre-Lollipop. This library allows you to use a consistently Material themed dialog on all versions of Android, along with specific customizations that make it easier to brand the dialog.
The code you see below is also found in the sample project. You can download a APK of the sample here: https://github.com/afollestad/material-dialogs/blob/master/sample/sample.apk. The sample's also available on Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.afollestad.materialdialogssample.