mime-mapping的作用及配置

        MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)多用途互联网邮件扩展类型。是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。在容器tomcat或jetty中，mime-mapping是web.xml中的一个节点，通过设置该值容器根据文件扩展名自动在响应消息中增加Content-Type的header，来指定对应的格式的浏览器处理方式。配置示例：

 <mime-mapping>
    <extension>mysuffix</extension>
    <mime-type>mymime/type</mime-type>
  </mime-mapping>

extension：文件的扩展名

mime-type：类型

 

一、tomcat的配置

在tomcat的web.xml中能看到当前的默认配置。如需要增加新的文件扩展名，只需要在tomcat下的web.xml（或自身应用的web.xml）中增加相关配置即可。

二、jetty的配置

1、jetty的默认配置则在jetty-http.jar包内的mime.properties文件中，里面包含一些默认配置：

ai=application/postscript
aif=audio/x-aiff
aifc=audio/x-aiff
aiff=audio/x-aiff
apk=application/vnd.android.package-archive
asc=text/plain
asf=video/x.ms.asf
asx=video/x.ms.asx
au=audio/basic
avi=video/x-msvideo
bcpio=application/x-bcpio
bin=application/octet-stream
bmp=image/bmp
br=application/brotli
cab=application/x-cabinet
cdf=application/x-netcdf
chm=application/vnd.ms-htmlhelp
class=application/java-vm
cpio=application/x-cpio
cpt=application/mac-compactpro
crt=application/x-x509-ca-cert
csh=application/x-csh
css=text/css
csv=text/csv
dcr=application/x-director
dir=application/x-director
dll=application/x-msdownload
dms=application/octet-stream
doc=application/msword
dtd=application/xml-dtd
dvi=application/x-dvi
dxr=application/x-director
eot=application/vnd.ms-fontobject
eps=application/postscript
etx=text/x-setext
exe=application/octet-stream
ez=application/andrew-inset
gif=image/gif
gtar=application/x-gtar
gz=application/gzip
gzip=application/gzip
hdf=application/x-hdf
hqx=application/mac-binhex40
htc=text/x-component
htm=text/html
html=text/html
ice=x-conference/x-cooltalk
ico=image/x-icon
ief=image/ief
iges=model/iges
igs=model/iges
jad=text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor
jar=application/java-archive
java=text/plain
jnlp=application/x-java-jnlp-file
jpe=image/jpeg
jp2=image/jpeg2000
jpeg=image/jpeg
jpg=image/jpeg
js=application/javascript
json=application/json
jsp=text/html
kar=audio/midi
latex=application/x-latex
lha=application/octet-stream
lzh=application/octet-stream
man=application/x-troff-man
mathml=application/mathml+xml
me=application/x-troff-me
mesh=model/mesh
mid=audio/midi
midi=audio/midi
mif=application/vnd.mif
mol=chemical/x-mdl-molfile
mov=video/quicktime
movie=video/x-sgi-movie
mp2=audio/mpeg
mp3=audio/mpeg
mp4=video/mp4
mpe=video/mpeg
mpeg=video/mpeg
mpg=video/mpeg
mpga=audio/mpeg
ms=application/x-troff-ms
msh=model/mesh
msi=application/octet-stream
nc=application/x-netcdf
oda=application/oda
odb=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database
odc=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart
odf=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula
odg=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics
odi=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image
odm=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master
odp=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
ods=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
odt=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
ogg=application/ogg
otc=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template
otf=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template
otg=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template
oth=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web
oti=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template
otp=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template
ots=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template
ott=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template
pbm=image/x-portable-bitmap
pdb=chemical/x-pdb
pdf=application/pdf
pgm=image/x-portable-graymap
pgn=application/x-chess-pgn
png=image/png
pnm=image/x-portable-anymap
ppm=image/x-portable-pixmap
pps=application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ppt=application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ps=application/postscript
qml=text/x-qml
qt=video/quicktime
ra=audio/x-pn-realaudio
rar=application/x-rar-compressed
ram=audio/x-pn-realaudio
ras=image/x-cmu-raster
rdf=application/rdf+xml
rgb=image/x-rgb
rm=audio/x-pn-realaudio
roff=application/x-troff
rpm=application/x-rpm
rtf=application/rtf
rtx=text/richtext
rv=video/vnd.rn-realvideo
ser=application/java-serialized-object
sgm=text/sgml
sgml=text/sgml
sh=application/x-sh
shar=application/x-shar
silo=model/mesh
sit=application/x-stuffit
skd=application/x-koan
skm=application/x-koan
skp=application/x-koan
skt=application/x-koan
smi=application/smil
smil=application/smil
snd=audio/basic
spl=application/x-futuresplash
src=application/x-wais-source
sv4cpio=application/x-sv4cpio
sv4crc=application/x-sv4crc
svg=image/svg+xml
svgz=image/svg+xml
swf=application/x-shockwave-flash
t=application/x-troff
tar=application/x-tar
tar.gz=application/x-gtar
tcl=application/x-tcl
tex=application/x-tex
texi=application/x-texinfo
texinfo=application/x-texinfo
tgz=application/x-gtar
tif=image/tiff
tiff=image/tiff
tr=application/x-troff
tsv=text/tab-separated-values
txt=text/plain
ustar=application/x-ustar
vcd=application/x-cdlink
vrml=model/vrml
vxml=application/voicexml+xml
wav=audio/x-wav
wbmp=image/vnd.wap.wbmp
wml=text/vnd.wap.wml
wmlc=application/vnd.wap.wmlc
wmls=text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
wmlsc=application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
woff=application/font-woff
woff2=font/woff2
wrl=model/vrml
wtls-ca-certificate=application/vnd.wap.wtls-ca-certificate
xbm=image/x-xbitmap
xcf=image/xcf
xht=application/xhtml+xml
xhtml=application/xhtml+xml
xls=application/vnd.ms-excel
xml=application/xml
xpm=image/x-xpixmap
xsd=application/xml
xsl=application/xml
xslt=application/xslt+xml
xul=application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
xwd=image/x-xwindowdump
xyz=chemical/x-xyz
xz=application/x-xz
z=application/compress
zip=application/zip
 

2、增加配置

在webdefault.xml（或自身应用的web.xml）增加相关配置，如

<mime-mapping>
    <extension>logs</extension>
    <mime-type>text/html;charset=UTF-8</mime-type>
  </mime-mapping>

如增加以上配置，则浏览器打开以logs为扩展名的文件，就会对文件进行编码，文件中的中文也就不会显示为乱码。